Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
During the rebellion and subsequent pogrom, the Iron Guard killed 125 Jews, and 30 soldiers died in the confrontation with the rebels. Following this, the Iron Guard movement was banned and 9,000 of its members were imprisoned. [4] [5] [page range too broad]
Death was a central part of the Iron Guard's ideology. Its members, known as "Legionnaires", were officially asked "to embrace death" if needed; in practice, they were supposed to be ready to both give and embrace death—in other words, to be willing to assassinate their political enemies at the risk of their own lives.
The Iron Guard was the only Fascist movement outside Germany and Italy to come to power without foreign assistance. [ 54 ] [ 55 ] Once in power, from 14 September 1940 until 21 January 1941, the Legion ratcheted up the level of already harsh anti-Semitic legislation and pursued, with impunity, a campaign of pogroms and political assassinations.
[124] Stanley G. Payne argued that the Iron Guard was "probably the most unusual mass movement of interwar Europe", and noted that part of this was owed to Codreanu being "a sort of religious mystic"; [75] British historian James Mayall saw the Legion as "the most singular of the lesser fascist movements".
On November 30, 1938, all 10 members of the Decemviri, along with the Nicadori death squad and Codreanu, were killed during a purge of the Iron Guard ordered by King Carol II. The men were strangled to death while being transported to Jilava Prison. Their bodies were dissolved in acid, and placed under seven tons of concrete.
The term "conservative autocrat" is used in relation to the Conducător by British political theorist Roger Griffin, who attributes to the Iron Guard the position of a subservient fascist movement, [260] while others identify Antonescu's post-1941 rule as a military rather than a fascist dictatorship. [261]
The Funerals of Ion Moța and Vasile Marin were a series of wide-scale demonstrations in Romania.The two leaders of the Iron Guard had been killed in battle on the same day, January 13, 1937, at Majadahonda while fighting on the side of Francoist Spain during the Spanish Civil War, and the funeral that followed took the form of a highly-organized, cross-country procession.
Sixty-four political detainees were killed by the Iron Guard (Legion), with further high-profile assassinations in the immediate aftermath. It came about halfway through the fascist National Legionary State and led to the first open clash between the Guard and conducător Ion Antonescu, who ousted the Legion from power in January 1941.