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The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, [5] succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, [6] when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 partitions of Poland–Lithuania.
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It exalts the heroic past of Lithuania, and denigrates former Kievan Rus'. To justify the superiority of Lithuanians over Ruthenians, the antiquity and nobility of the former's origin, and their prominent role in the life of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania are emphasised. [1]
The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia is a duchy in the Baltic region that existed from 1562 to 1791 as a vassal state of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. From 1685, District of Pilten was in union with the duchy.
The papal bull regarding Lithuania's placement under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome. In the early 13th century, Lithuania was inhabited by various pagan Baltic tribes, which began to organize themselves into a state – the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. By the 1230s, Mindaugas emerged as the leader of the Grand Duchy.
Swedish Lithuania, officially known as the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Swedish: Storfurstendömet Litauen, Latin: Magnus Ducatus Lituaniæ), was a dominium directum protectorate of the Swedish Empire under the rule of King Charles X Gustav in accordance with the Union of Kėdainiai.
For most of its existence, it was a constituent part and a nucleus of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Other alternative names of the territorial formation, used in different periods, were Aukštaitija or Land of Lithuania (13th century), Duchy of Vilnius (14th – early 15th centuries), [2] Lithuania proper, or simply Lithuania (in a narrow sense).
The Provisional Government Commission of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania; also, the Lithuanian Provisional Governing Commission (Lithuanian: Lietuvos laikinosios vyriausybės komisija; also Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės vyriausybės komisija, Polish: Komisja Rządu Tymczasowego Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego; also Komisja Rządząca Tymczasowa Litewska; French: Gouvernement provisoire ...