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A nuclear thermal rocket (NTR) is a type of thermal rocket where the heat from a nuclear reaction replaces the chemical energy of the propellants in a chemical rocket. In an NTR, a working fluid , usually liquid hydrogen , is heated to a high temperature in a nuclear reactor and then expands through a rocket nozzle to create thrust .
RD-0410 (РД-0410, GRAU index: 11B91) was a Soviet nuclear thermal rocket engine developed by the Chemical Automatics Design Bureau [1] in Voronezh from 1965 through the 1980s using liquid hydrogen propellant. [2] The engine was ground-tested at the Semipalatinsk Test Site, [3] and its use was incorporated in the Kurchatov Mars 1994 crewed ...
In mid-1958, NASA replaced the Air Force [16] and built Kiwi reactors to test nuclear rocket principles in a non-flying nuclear engine. [17] With the next phase's Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application , NASA and AEC sought to develop a nuclear thermal rocket for "both long-range missions to Mars and as a possible upper-stage for the ...
WASHINGTON (Reuters) -The United States plans to test a spacecraft engine powered by nuclear fission by 2027 as part of a long-term NASA effort to demonstrate more efficient methods of propelling ...
NASA will test a nuclear-powered rocket for space travel. The technology could speed up a manned trip to Mars from the current seven-month minimum to 45 days.
Nuclear power sources could also be used to provide the spacecraft with electrical power for operations and scientific instrumentation. [12] Examples: NERVA (Nuclear Energy for Rocket Vehicle Applications), a US nuclear thermal rocket program; Project Rover, an American project to develop a nuclear thermal rocket. The program ran at the Los ...
An engine for interplanetary travel from Earth orbit to Mars orbit, and back, was studied in 2013 at the MSFC with a focus on nuclear thermal rocket engines. [119] Since they are at least twice as efficient as the most advanced chemical engines, they allow quicker transfer times and increased cargo capacity.
The fission-fragment rocket is a rocket engine design that directly harnesses hot nuclear fission products for thrust, as opposed to using a separate fluid as working mass. The design can, in theory, produce very high specific impulse while still being well within the abilities of current technologies.