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Solutions most commonly include sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride. [1] Balanced salt solutions are used for washing tissues and cells and are usually combined with other agents to treat the tissues and cells. They provide the cells with water and inorganic ions, while maintaining a physiological pH and osmotic pressure. [2]
Ringer's solution is a solution of several salts dissolved in water for the purpose of creating an isotonic solution relative to the body fluids of an animal. Ringer's solution typically contains sodium chloride , potassium chloride , calcium chloride and sodium bicarbonate , with the last used to buffer the pH .
Potassium metabisulfite, K 2 S 2 O 5, also known as potassium pyrosulfite, is a white crystalline powder with a pungent odour. It is mainly used as an antioxidant or chemical sterilant . [ 1 ] As a disulfite , it is chemically very similar to sodium metabisulfite , with which it is sometimes used interchangeably.
Potassium sorbate is the potassium salt of sorbic acid, chemical formula CH 3 CH=CH−CH=CH−CO 2 K. It is a white salt that is very soluble in water (58.2% at 20 °C). It is primarily used as a food preservative (E number 202). [4] Potassium sorbate is effective in a variety of applications including food, wine, and personal-care products.
Potassium chloride (KCl, or potassium salt) is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. It is odorless and has a white or colorless vitreous crystal appearance. The solid dissolves readily in water, and its solutions have a salt-like taste. Potassium chloride can be obtained from ancient dried lake deposits. [7]
Salt (sodium chloride) is the primary ingredient used in meat curing. [11] Removal of water and addition of salt to meat creates a solute-rich environment where osmotic pressure draws water out of microorganisms, slowing down their growth. [11] [12] Doing this requires a concentration of salt of nearly 20%. [12]
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It can be prepared by treating a potassium-containing base such as potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate with acetic acid: CH 3 COOH + KOH → CH 3 COOK + H 2 O. This sort of reaction is known as an acid-base neutralization reaction. At saturation, the sesquihydrate in water solution (CH 3 COOK·1½H 2 O) begins to form semihydrate at 41.3 ...