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The longitudinal fissure (or cerebral fissure, great longitudinal fissure, median longitudinal fissure, interhemispheric fissure) is the deep groove that separates the two cerebral hemispheres of the vertebrate brain. Lying within it is a continuation of the dura mater (one of the meninges) called the falx cerebri. [1]
Longitudinal fissure or Medial longitudinal fissure: which divides the cerebrum into the two hemispheres. Occipitoparietal fissure: found between the occipital and parietal lobes of the brain. Wernicke's fissure: separates the brain's temporal and parietal lobes from the occipital lobe. Zygal fissure: found in the cerebrum.
The vertebrate cerebrum is formed by two cerebral hemispheres that are separated by a groove, the longitudinal fissure. The brain can thus be described as being divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres. Each of these hemispheres has an outer layer of grey matter, the cerebral cortex, that is supported by an inner layer of white matter
The falx cerebri is a strong, crescent-shaped sheet of dura mater lying in the sagittal plane between the two cerebral hemispheres. [3] It is one of four dural partitions of the brain along with the falx cerebelli, tentorium cerebelli, and diaphragma sellae; it is formed through invagination of the dura mater into the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral hemispheres.
It spans part of the longitudinal fissure, connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres, enabling communication between them. It is the largest white matter structure in the human brain, about 10 cm (3.9 in) in length and consisting of 200–300 million axonal projections. [2] [3]
The two hemispheres are separated along the mediated longitudinal fissure and are connected by the corpus callosum which allows for communication and coordination of stimuli and information. [13] The corpus callosum is the largest collective pathway of white matter tissue in the body that is made of more than 200 million nerve fibers. [ 14 ]
The sulci and fissures are shallow and deep grooves respectively in the cortex. A sulcus is a shallow groove that surrounds a gyrus or part of a gyrus. A fissure is a deeper furrow that divides the brain into lobes and also into the two hemispheres as the longitudinal fissure. [4] Fissures are the most prominent and invariable of the sulci. [2]
The cerebrum is divided by the medial longitudinal fissure into two cerebral hemispheres, the right and the left. The cerebrum is contralaterally organized , i.e., the right hemisphere controls and processes signals (predominantly) from the left side of the body, while the left hemisphere controls and processes signals (predominantly) from the ...