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Amiodarone has both direct and indirect effects on thyroid function. The most notable indirect thyroid altering property is that the drug is approximately one-third iodine by weight. As a result, amiodarone therapy elevates free circulating iodine levels up to 40 times greater than the iodine intake from the average American diet. [2]
The primary treatment of thyroid storm is with inorganic iodine and antithyroid drugs (propylthiouracil or methimazole) to reduce synthesis and release of thyroid hormone. Temperature control and intravenous fluids are also mainstays of management. Beta blockers are often used to reduce the effects of thyroid hormone. [5]
Furthermore, reviewing their medications and possible dietary supplements is important, as several medications can affect thyroid hormone levels. [14] Levothyroxine is also used to treat subclinical hypothyroidism, which is defined by an elevated TSH level and a normal-range free T 4 level without symptoms. [14]
Commonly prescribed thyroid drug levothyroxine was linked with ... and cognitive slowing. However, deprescribing may be considered if a patient experiences side effects like rapid heart rate ...
Serious side effects include lung toxicity [7] such as interstitial pneumonitis, liver problems, heart arrhythmias, vision problems, thyroid problems, and death. [4] If taken during pregnancy or breastfeeding it can cause problems in the fetus or the infant. [4] It is a class III antiarrhythmic medication. [4]
Side effects may occur from excessive doses. [2] This may include weight loss, fever, headache, anxiety, trouble sleeping, arrhythmias, and heart failure. [2] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is generally safe. [3] [2] Liothyronine was approved for medical use in 1956. [2] It is available as a generic medication. [3]
The resulting hypothyroidism is treated with synthetic thyroid hormone. [1] Medications such as beta blockers may control the symptoms, and anti-thyroid medications such as methimazole may temporarily help people while other treatments are having an effect. [1] Surgery to remove the thyroid is another option. [1]
Less common findings include high-output heart failure, [6] left ventricular hypertrophy, premature atrial and ventricular contractions, atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, angina, myocardial infarction, systemic embolization, death from cardiovascular collapse and resistance to some drug effects (digoxin, coumadin). [4]
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