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A Judeo-Arabic version of a popular narrative known as The Story of the Skull (whose earliest version is attributed to Ka'ab al-Ahbar) offers a detailed picture of the concept of Jahannam. [250] Here, Malak al-Mawt (the Angel of Death ) and a number of sixty angels seize the soul of the dead and begin torturing him with fire and iron hooks.
The 16th century Tyndale and later translators had access to the Greek, but Tyndale translated both Gehenna and Hades as same English word, Hell. The 17th century King James Version of the Bible is the only English translation in modern use to translate Sheol, Hades, and Gehenna by calling them all "Hell."
In Islam, Jahannam (in Arabic: جهنم) (related to the Hebrew word gehinnom) is the counterpart to heaven and likewise divided into seven layers, both co-existing with the temporal world, [104] filled with blazing fire, boiling water, and a variety of other torments for those who have been condemned to it in the hereafter.
In the Hebrew Bible, God sents punishing angels to smite enemies (for example, Exodus 12:23). [105] According to the Apocalypse of Paul , an angel casts the sinners into hell. In hell, such angels inflict pain on the inmates with iron hooks.
Neither set of verses mentions a bridge nor falling into hell, but Ṣirāṭ al-jahīm "was adopted into Islamic tradition to signify the span over jahannam, the top layer of the Fire". [Quran 37:21–27] In the hadith about "the bridge" or a bridge to hell or a bridge between heaven and hell, or over hell. [13]
Ninth century Islamic commentators who invoked significant sections of the Bible in their writings include Ibn Qutaybah (d. 889) and his translation of Genesis 1–3, and Al-Qasim al-Rassi (d. 860) who included a large portion of the Book of Matthew in his Refutation of Christians. [36]
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After the emergence of Islam, the name Azrael became popular among both Christian and Islamic literature and folklore. [citation needed] The name spelled as Ezrā’ël appears in the Classical Ethiopic version of Apocalypse of Peter (dating to the 16th century) as an angel of hell who avenges those who had been wronged during life. [12]