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Because the liquid-to-gas expansion ratio of nitrogen is 1:694 at 20 °C (68 °F), a tremendous amount of force can be generated if liquid nitrogen is vaporized in an enclosed space. In an incident on January 12, 2006 at Texas A&M University , the pressure-relief devices of a tank of liquid nitrogen were malfunctioning and later sealed.
A self-pressurising dewar (silver) being filled with liquid nitrogen from a larger storage tank (white). A cryogenic storage dewar (or simply dewar) is a specialised type of vacuum flask used for storing cryogens (such as liquid nitrogen or liquid helium), whose boiling points are much lower than room temperature.
A dry shipper, or cryoshipper, is a container specifically engineered to transport biological specimens at cryogenic temperatures utilizing the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Function
Diagram of a vacuum flask Gustav Robert Paalen, Double Walled Vessel. Patent 27 June 1908, published 13 July 1909. The vacuum flask was designed and invented by Scottish scientist James Dewar in 1892 as a result of his research in the field of cryogenics and is sometimes called a Dewar flask in his honour.
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In vacuum applications, a cold trap is a device that condenses all vapors except the permanent gases (hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen) into a liquid or solid. [ 2 ] [ needs update ] The most common objective is to prevent vapors being evacuated from an experiment from entering a vacuum pump where they would condense and contaminate it.
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