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The magnet was made of 18 turns of bare copper wire (insulated wire had not yet been invented). [1] William Sturgeon (/ ˈ s t ɜːr dʒ ə n /; 22 May 1783 – 4 December 1850) was an English physicist and inventor who made the first electromagnet and the first practical electric motor.
Two other inventions in physics are noteworthy: the first is the light metallic star supported on a sharp pivot with the pointed ends bent at right angles to the rays and commonly called the electrical whirl, the second is the device known as the electric chimes. These inventions used to be described in textbooks of electricity.
André-Marie Ampère (UK: / ˈ æ m p ɛər /, US: / ˈ æ m p ɪər /; [1] French: [ɑ̃dʁe maʁi ɑ̃pɛʁ]; 20 January 1775 – 10 June 1836) [2] was a French physicist and mathematician who was one of the founders of the science of classical electromagnetism, which he referred to as electrodynamics.
A succession of sparks jumping from the key to the back of his hand showed that lightning was indeed electrical in nature. [15] He also explained the apparently paradoxical behavior of the Leyden jar as a device for storing large amounts of electrical charge, by coming up with the single fluid, two states theory of electricity.
Hungarian, physicist and unsung father of the dynamo and electric motor; invented the first commutated rotary electromechanical machine with electromagnets. [ 3 ] [ 5 ] He invented the commutator . In 1828, Jedlik demonstrated the first device to contain the three main components of practical DC motors: the stator , rotor and commutator.
As early as 1834, he developed a battery-powered electric motor, along with his wife Emily Davenport. They used it to operate a small model car on a short section of track, paving the way for the later electrification of streetcars. [2] It is the first attempt to apply electrification to locomotion. [3]
Ingenhousz, during 1746, invented electric machines made of plate glass. [37] Experiments with the electric machine were largely aided by the discovery that a glass plate, coated on both sides with tinfoil, would accumulate electric charge when connected with a source of electromotive force.
His motor was the first to maintain constant speed under varying load. It was immediately popular and was endorsed by Edison as the only practical electric motor available. His regenerative braking system was important in the development of the electric train and the electric elevator.