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Gas metal arc welding (GMAW), sometimes referred to by its subtypes metal inert gas (MIG) and metal active gas (MAG) is a welding process in which an electric arc forms between a consumable MIG wire electrode and the workpiece metal(s), which heats the workpiece metal(s), causing them to fuse (melt and join).
Electron beam welding: 51 511: EBW Deep penetration, fast, high equipment cost Electroslag welding: 72: ESW Welds thick workpieces quickly, vertical position, steel only, continuous consumable electrode Heavy plate fabrication, construction, shipbuilding Flow welding (previously cast welding)
Arc welding power supplies can deliver either direct (DC) or alternating (AC) current to the work, while consumable or non-consumable electrodes are used. The welding area is usually protected by some type of shielding gas (e.g. an inert gas), vapor, or slag. Arc welding processes may be manual, semi-automatic, or fully automated.
Other arc welding processes use alternative methods of protecting the weld from the atmosphere as well – shielded metal arc welding, for example, uses an electrode covered in a flux that produces carbon dioxide when consumed, a semi-inert gas that is an acceptable shielding gas for welding steel. Improper choice of a welding gas can lead to a ...
In general, resistance welding methods are efficient and cause little pollution, but their applications are somewhat limited and the equipment cost can be high. A specialized process called shot welding, can be used to spot weld stainless steel. [62] Seam welding also relies on two electrodes to apply pressure and current to join metal sheets ...
In the 1930s metallurgists Albert Portevin and D. Seferian attempted to experimentally determine heat transfer characteristics in welding. [1] They correlated the effects of several factors—material properties, welding process, and part dimensions—on temperature distribution, by performing oxyacetylene (gas) and covered electrode (arc) welds on plates and bars of various profiles, and ...
The flux powder is supplied by the hopper on the left hand side, then follow three filler wire guns and finally a vacuum cleaner. A submerged arc welder used for training Close-up view of the control panel A schematic of submerged arc welding Pieces of slag from submerged arc welding exhibiting glassy surface due to silica (SiO 2).
In oxy-fuel welding, a welding torch is used to weld metals. Welding metal results when two pieces are heated to a temperature that produces a shared pool of molten metal. The molten pool is generally supplied with additional metal called filler. Filler material selection depends upon the metals to be welded.