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Sodium stearate is produced as a major component of soap upon saponification of oils and fats. The percentage of the sodium stearate depends on the ingredient fats. Tallow is especially high in stearic acid content (as the triglyceride), whereas most fats only contain a few percent. The idealized equation for the formation of sodium stearate ...
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
In this example, the surfactant molecules' oil-soluble tails project into the oil (blue), while the water-soluble ends remain in contact with the water phase (red). Surfactants are chemical compounds that decrease the surface tension or interfacial tension between two liquids , a liquid and a gas , or a liquid and a solid .
It is mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution in water, creating a reaction which gives glycerin and sodium stearate, the main ingredient in most soap: C 3 H 5 (C 18 H 35 O 2) 3 + 3 NaOH → C 3 H 5 (OH) 3 + 3 C 18 H 35 OONa. Stearin is also added to aluminium flakes to help in the grinding process in making dark aluminium powder. [clarification ...
In one simplified version, the saponification of stearin gives sodium stearate. C 3 H 5 (O 2 C(CH 2) 16 CH 3) 3 + 3 NaOH → C 3 H 5 (OH) 3 + 3 NaO 2 C(CH 2) 16 CH 3. This process is the main industrial method for producing glycerol (C 3 H 5 (OH) 3). Some soap-makers leave the glycerol in the soap. Others precipitate the soap by salting it out ...
Acid–base extraction is a subclass of liquid–liquid extractions and involves the separation of chemical species from other acidic or basic compounds. [1] It is typically performed during the work-up step following a chemical synthesis to purify crude compounds [2] and results in the product being largely free of acidic or basic impurities.
President-elect Donald Trump rolled out five key picks for ambassadorships in Japan, the Dominican Republic, Austria, Luxembourg and Uruguay on Monday as he continues to fill out his incoming ...
A solubility equilibrium exists when a chemical compound in the solid state is in chemical equilibrium with a solution containing the compound. This type of equilibrium is an example of dynamic equilibrium in that some individual molecules migrate between the solid and solution phases such that the rates of dissolution and precipitation are equal to one another.