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Main jade producing countries. Jade is an umbrella term for two different types of decorative rocks used for jewelry or ornaments.Jade is often referred to by either of two different silicate mineral names: nephrite (a silicate of calcium and magnesium in the amphibole group of minerals), or jadeite (a silicate of sodium and aluminum in the pyroxene group of minerals). [1]
Many jade artifacts have been unearthed from Shijiahe sites, mainly dating from the late phase. Most jades have parallels in the Liangzhu culture, and in many ways the Shijiahe site complex is similar to the Mojiaoshan complex of Liangzhu, suggesting strong influences from the lower Yangtze region to the east.
The earliest cong were produced by the Xuejiagang culture and the Liangzhu culture (3400–2250 BC); later examples date mainly from the Shang and Zhou dynasties. [2]Interest in the jade shape developed during the 12th–13th century Song dynasty.
Jade production began in China over seven millennia ago (c. 5000 BCE), yielding the largest body of intricately crafted jade artifacts created by any single civilization. [4] A prominent early use was the crafting of the Six Ritual Jades , found since the 3rd-millennium BCE Liangzhu culture : [ 5 ] the bi , the cong , the huang , the hu , the ...
The Liangzhu (/ ˈ l j ɑː ŋ ˈ dʒ uː /) culture or civilization (3300–2300 BC) was the last Chinese Neolithic jade culture in the Yangtze River Delta.The culture was highly stratified, as jade, silk, ivory and lacquer artifacts were found exclusively in elite burials, while pottery was more commonly found in the burial plots of poorer individuals.
Most of the jade work in Costa Rica was done with a particular type. It was a deep, blue-green color, and the same type the Olmecs used. In 1998 an enormous region of this particular jade was uncovered after a hurricane in Guatemala. The area is located in south east Guatemala In the Motagua River Valley.
Philippine jade culture, or jade artifacts, made from white and green nephrite and dating as far back as 2000–1500 BC, have been discovered at a number of archaeological excavations in the Philippines since the 1930s. The artifacts have been both tools like chisels and ornaments such as lingling-o earrings, bracelets, and beads.
Jade is a natural mineral rock, mainly available in Khotan and Yarkand regions of East Turkistan and Upper Burma. Most common color observed in jade is green but several other colors are also found in nature. Jade has been known for 7000 years in China and was owned by rich and royal as it is an expensive and rare stone.