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Aldosterone and corticosteroids are also derived from progesterone or its derivatives. Pregnenolone can be converted to 17α-hydroxypregnenolone by the enzyme 17α-hydroxylase . Using this pathway, termed Δ 5 pathway, the next step is conversion to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) via 17,20-lyase (CYP17A1). DHEA is the precursor of androstenedione.
Aldosterone is the primary of several endogenous members of the class of mineralocorticoids in humans. [citation needed] Deoxycorticosterone is another important member of this class. Aldosterone tends to promote Na + and water retention, and lower plasma K + concentration by the following mechanisms:
Pregnenolone, sold under the brand name Enelone among others, is a medication and supplement as well as a naturally occurring and endogenous steroid. [3] [1] [4] [5] [6] It is described as a neurosteroid and anti-inflammatory drug and was used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and soft-tissue rheumatism in the 1950s and is no longer prescribed today, but remains available as a supplement.
Pregnenolone: P5 [2] or Preg [3] 3beta-hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one 17α-Hydroxypregnenolone: 17-OHP5 [4] or 17P5 [5] 3beta,17-dihydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one Progesterone: P4 [6] or P [3] 4-pregnene-3,20-dione 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone: 17-OHP4 [4] or 17OHP [7] or 17P4 [5] 17α-hydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione Allopregnanolone: ALLO 5α-pregnan-3α-ol-20 ...
Aldosterone synthase, also called steroid 18-hydroxylase, corticosterone 18-monooxygenase or P450C18, is a steroid hydroxylase cytochrome P450 enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone and other steroids. The enzyme catalyzes sequential hydroxylations of the steroid angular methyl group at C18 after initial 11β ...
Pregnanolone, also known as 3α,5β-tetrahydroprogesterone (3α,5β-THP) or as 5β-pregnan-3α-ol-20-one, is a naturally occurring pregnane steroid and a derivative of progesterone.
Adrenal steroids are steroids that are derived from the adrenal glands.They include corticosteroids, which consist of glucocorticoids like cortisol and mineralocorticoids like aldosterone, adrenal androgens like dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate (DHEA-S), and androstenedione (A4), and neurosteroids like DHEA and DHEA-S, as well as pregnenolone and pregnenolone sulfate (P5-S).
Pregnenolone = pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one Progesterone = pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione The glucocorticoid activity of progesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone is very weak (>100-fold less than that of cortisol).