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High magnification micrograph of giant cells in a giant-cell tumor of bone, H&E stain. The diagnosis of giant-cell tumors is based on biopsy findings. The key histomorphologic feature is, as the name of the entity suggests, (multinucleated) giant cells with up to a hundred nuclei that have prominent nucleoli.
A giant cell (also known as a multinucleated giant cell, or multinucleate giant cell) is a mass formed by the union of several distinct cells (usually histiocytes), often forming a granuloma. [ 1 ] Although there is typically a focus on the pathological aspects of multinucleate giant cells (MGCs), they also play many important physiological roles.
Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a non-malignant tumor defined histologically as inclusions of “osteoclast-like” multinucleated giant cells, hemosiderin, and macrophages. [1] This histology can present one of 2 clinically distinct ways. TGCT tumors often develop from the lining of joints (also known as synovial tissue).
Although it is common in the lung cancer literature to refer to histologically mixed tumors containing significant numbers of malignant giant cells as "giant-cell carcinomas", technically a diagnosis of "giant-cell carcinoma" should be limited strictly to neoplasms containing only malignant giant cells (i.e. "pure" giant-cell carcinoma).
Photograph of a brain section containing a subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. A NIH Consensus Conference report in 1999 recommends that any SEGA that is growing or causing symptoms should be surgically removed. [2] Tumors are also removed in cases where a patient is suffering from a high seizure burden. [1]
The diagnosis of GCF depends on its presentation as a dermal tumor that has a characteristic histology consisting of spindle- and/or stellate-shaped CD34 protein-expressing cells, distinctive dilated blood vessel-like spaces lined by floret-shaped multinuclear giant cells, and/or distinctive perivascular onionskin-like lymphocytes and/or ...
The giant-cell glioblastoma is a histological variant of glioblastoma, presenting a prevalence of bizarre, multinucleated (more than 20 nuclei) giant (up to 400 μm diameter) cells. It occasionally shows an abundant stromal reticulin network and presents a high frequency of TP53 gene mutations .
Giant-cell tumor (GCT) of the pelvis is uncommon, accounting for only 1.5 to 6% of cases of GCT. [1] In pelvis ilium is the most common site of involvement; ischium and pubis are less frequently involved. [2] It typically presents in adults between age of 20 to 50 with localized swelling and pain. [3] Females are slightly more affected than ...