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  2. Coeliac disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coeliac_disease

    Coeliac disease (British English) or celiac disease (American English) is a long-term autoimmune disorder, primarily affecting the small intestine, where individuals develop intolerance to gluten, present in foods such as wheat, rye and barley. [10]

  3. Gluten immunochemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluten_immunochemistry

    The normal intestine: Illustration of the brush border membrane of small intestinal villi Wheat proteins interact with the immune system by means of DQ2-mediated programmed cell death (apoptosis) of the gut in sensitive individuals. New research is finding that the coeliac gut may be predisposed to sensitivity in the absence of HLA genetic factors.

  4. Gluten-free diet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluten-free_diet

    Coeliac disease (American English: celiac) (CD) is a chronic, immune-mediated, and mainly intestinal process, that appears in genetically predisposed people of all ages. It is caused by the ingestion of gluten, which is present in wheat, barley, rye and derivatives. Coeliac disease is not only a gastrointestinal disease, because it may affect ...

  5. This condition is known as refractory coeliac disease (RCD), defined as malabsorption due to gluten-related enteropathy (villous atrophy or elevated intraepitheal lymphocytes) after initial or subsequent failure of a strict gluten-free diet (usually 1 year) and after exclusion of any disorder mimicking coeliac disease.

  6. Gluten-related disorders - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluten-related_disorders

    Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), or gluten intolerance, [1] is a syndrome in which people develop a variety of intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms that improve when gluten is removed from the diet, [32] after coeliac disease and wheat allergy are excluded. [33]

  7. Intestinal villus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_villus

    The intestinal villi are much smaller than any of the circular folds in the intestine. Villi increase the internal surface area of the intestinal walls making available a greater surface area for absorption. An increased absorptive area is useful because digested nutrients (including monosaccharide and amino acids) pass into the semipermeable ...

  8. Anti-transglutaminase antibodies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-transglutaminase...

    Most attention to anti-transglutaminase antibodies is given with respect to celiac disease. A recent study of children published in 2007 demonstrated that the level of ATA in correlates with the scalar Marsh score for the disease in the same patient. [9] High levels of ATA are found in almost all instances of celiac disease. [10]

  9. Intestinal permeability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_permeability

    A well studied model is celiac disease, in which increased intestinal permeability appears secondary to the abnormal immune reaction induced by gluten and allows fragments of gliadin protein to get past the intestinal epithelium, triggering an immune response at the intestinal submucosa level that leads to diverse gastrointestinal or extra ...