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A cognitive distortion is a thought that causes a person to perceive reality inaccurately due to being exaggerated or irrational. Cognitive distortions are involved in the onset or perpetuation of psychopathological states, such as depression and anxiety. [1]
Cognitive restructuring (CR) is a psychotherapeutic process of learning to identify and dispute irrational or maladaptive thoughts known as cognitive distortions, [1] such as all-or-nothing thinking (splitting), magical thinking, overgeneralization, magnification, [1] and emotional reasoning, which are commonly associated with many mental health disorders. [2]
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The mental status examination (MSE) is an important part of the clinical assessment process in neurological and psychiatric practice. It is a structured way of observing and describing a patient's psychological functioning at a given point in time, under the domains of appearance, attitude, behavior, mood and affect, speech, thought process, thought content, perception, cognition, insight, and ...
This triggers negative attentional biases formulating cognitive distortions like selective abstraction and magnification establishing negative cognitive perceptions. A collection of these perceptions form dysfunctional attitudes and beliefs about oneself, the world and the future in the form of negative schemas (framework of a collection of ideas).
Therefore, distortion is a problem which may be solved by cognitive reframing. Yet another major distinguishing feature between cognitive reframing and cognitive restructuring is awareness. Cognitive reframing can happen subconsciously, while cognitive restructuring, something usually done under the guidance of a therapist, is conscious. [6]
In clinical psychology, selective abstraction is a type of cognitive bias or cognitive distortion in which a detail is taken out of context and believed whilst everything else in the context is ignored. [1] It commonly appears in Aaron T. Beck's work in cognitive therapy.
Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) is a manualized therapy used by clinicians to help people recover from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related conditions. [1] It includes elements of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) treatments, one of the most widely used evidence-based therapies. [ 2 ]
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