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The shapefile format is a geospatial vector data format for geographic information system (GIS) software.It is developed and regulated by Esri as a mostly open specification for data interoperability among Esri and other GIS software products. [1]
The Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (GDAL) is a computer software library for reading and writing raster and vector geospatial data formats (e.g. shapefile), and is released under the permissive X/MIT style free software license by the Open Source Geospatial Foundation.
The projection information contained in the .prj file is critical in order to understand the data contained in the .shp file correctly. Because shapefiles are widely used they can be combined with other geodata and used inside GIS (Geographic Information Systems), such as the open source QGIS application.
QGIS integrates with other open-source GIS packages, including PostGIS, GRASS GIS, SAGA GIS, and MapServer. [6] Plugins written in Python or C++ extend QGIS's capabilities. Plugins can geocode using the Google Geocoding API, perform geoprocessing functions similar to those of the standard tools found in ArcGIS , and interface with PostgreSQL ...
System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses (SAGA GIS) is a geographic information system (GIS) computer program, used to edit spatial data.It is free and open-source software, developed originally by a small team at the Department of Physical Geography, University of Göttingen, Germany, and is now being maintained and extended by an international developer community.
Shapefile – a popular vector data GIS format, developed by Esri; Geography Markup Language (GML) – XML based open standard (by OpenGIS) for GIS data exchange; GeoJSON – a lightweight format based on JSON, used by many open source GIS packages; GeoMedia – Intergraph's Microsoft Access based format for spatial vector storage
Geography Markup Language (GML) – XML based open standard for GIS data exchange (by Open Geospatial Consortium) Simple Features – specification for vector data storage (by Open Geospatial Consortium) that can be used in a GML container; GeoJSON – open, lightweight format based on JSON, used by many open source GIS packages
Thematic mapping. Creates image pictures from shapefiles and creates Google Maps websites with the data linked to the shapefile - Freeware: QGIS: yes Linux, MAC OS, Windows: QGIS Development Team qgis.org: Visualization Easy to use, ability to expand functionality with Python plugins. Geo-processing functions included. C++ GPL: GRASS: yes