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Polymyalgia rheumatica; In polymyalgia rheumatica, pain is usually located in the shoulders and hips. Specialty: Rheumatology: Symptoms: Shoulder, neck and hip pain [1] Usual onset: Age greater than 50: Diagnostic method: Elevated inflammatory markers, CRP and ESR: Differential diagnosis: Myositis, giant cell arteritis: Medication: Corticosteroids
The main differential diagnosis is polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), although pain, stiffness and weakness at the level of the shoulders and pelvic girdle with associated systemic symptoms (fever, malaise, fatigue, weight loss) is more typical of PMR.
Polymyositis and the associated inflammatory myopathies have an associated increased risk of cancer. [3] The features they found associated with an increased risk of cancer were older age, age greater than 45, male sex, difficulty swallowing, death of skin cells, cutaneous vasculitis, rapid onset of myositis (<4 weeks), elevated creatine kinase, higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate and higher ...
polymyalgia rheumatica (in 50%) [13] The inflammation may affect blood supply to the eye; blurred vision or sudden blindness may occur. In 76% of cases involving the eye, the ophthalmic artery is involved, causing arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. [14] Giant cell arteritis may present with atypical or overlapping features. [15]
[15] [16] Acrosclerosis, also known as sclerodactyly, can develop with or without proximal scleroderma and is usually a later symptom of the condition. [10] Rashes are found in 50-60% of patients. [10] Common symptoms include photosensitivity and malar rashes, similar to those seen with SLE. [17] Discoid lesions are also occasionally seen. [10]
In non-inflammatory conditions, plasma albumin concentration, size, shape, and number of red blood cells, and the concentration of immunoglobulin can affect the ESR. Non-inflammatory conditions that can cause raised ESR include anemia, kidney failure, obesity, ageing, and female sex. [7] ESR is also higher in women during menstruation and ...
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High levels of rheumatoid factor (in general, above 20 IU/mL, 1:40, or over the 95th percentile; there is some variation among labs) occur in rheumatoid arthritis (present in 80%) and Sjögren's syndrome (present in 50-70% of primary forms of disease). [11] The higher the level of RF the greater the probability of destructive articular disease.