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The speed will ensure the aircraft achieves the required height above the takeoff surface within the takeoff distance. [citation needed] To achieve a balanced field takeoff, V 1 is selected so the take-off distance with one engine inoperative, and the accelerate-stop distance, are equal. [1]
The maximal total range is the maximum distance an aircraft can fly between takeoff and landing. Powered aircraft range is limited by the aviation fuel energy storage capacity (chemical or electrical) considering both weight and volume limits. [1] Unpowered aircraft range depends on factors such as cross-country speed and environmental conditions.
Takeoff and Landing Performance Assessment (TALPA) is a method used by airport operators to determine runway conditions for takeoff and landing. It produces a Field Condition report that allows pilots to assess braking action when the runway is not dry.
Fuel fraction is a key parameter in determining an aircraft's range, the distance it can fly without refueling. Breguet ’s aircraft range equation describes the relationship of range with airspeed , lift-to-drag ratio , specific fuel consumption , and the part of the total fuel fraction available for cruise, also known as the cruise fuel ...
V 1 also means the minimum speed in the takeoff, following a failure of the critical engine at V EF, at which the pilot can continue the takeoff and achieve the required height above the takeoff surface within the takeoff distance." [7] V 1 thus includes reaction time. [26]
Rotation at the correct speed and to the correct angle is important for safety reasons and to minimise takeoff distance. [1] After rotation, the aircraft continues to accelerate until it reaches its liftoff speed V LO, at which point it leaves the runway.
Takeoff weight is the weight of an aircraft as it takes off partway along a runway. Few flight planning systems calculate the actual takeoff weight; instead, the fuel used for taking off is counted as part of the fuel used for climbing up to the normal cruise height. Landing weight is the weight of an aircraft as it lands at the destination ...
A pilot's view of Lisbon Airport's runway 21 in fog; runway visual range is about 200 m (660 ft). In aviation, the runway visual range (RVR) is the distance over which a pilot of an aircraft on the centreline of the runway can see the runway surface markings delineating the runway or the lights delineating the runway or identifying its centre line.