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  2. Photorespiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photorespiration

    Photorespiration may be necessary for the assimilation of nitrate from soil. Thus, a lowering in photorespiration by genetic engineering or because of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide may not benefit plants as has been proposed. [13] Several physiological processes may be responsible for linking photorespiration and nitrogen assimilation.

  3. Photosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis

    The oxidation of water is catalyzed in photosystem II by a redox-active structure that contains four manganese ions and a calcium ion; this oxygen-evolving complex binds two water molecules and contains the four oxidizing equivalents that are used to drive the water-oxidizing reaction (Kok's S-state diagrams).

  4. C3 carbon fixation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C3_carbon_fixation

    C3 carbon fixation is prone to photorespiration (PR) during dehydration, accumulating toxic glycolate products. In the 2000s scientists used computer simulation combined with an optimization algorithm to figure out what parts of the metabolic pathway may be tuned to improve photosynthesis.

  5. Photosynthetic efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthetic_efficiency

    The following is a breakdown of the energetics of the photosynthesis process from Photosynthesis by Hall and Rao: [6]. Starting with the solar spectrum falling on a leaf, 47% lost due to photons outside the 400–700 nm active range (chlorophyll uses photons between 400 and 700 nm, extracting the energy of one 700 nm photon from each one)

  6. Warburg effect (plant physiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warburg_effect_(plant...

    In plant physiology, the Warburg effect is the decrease in the rate of photosynthesis due to high oxygen concentrations. [1] [2] Oxygen is a competitive inhibitor of carbon dioxide fixation by RuBisCO which initiates photosynthesis. Furthermore, oxygen stimulates photorespiration which reduces photosynthetic output. These two mechanisms working ...

  7. Explainer-How Trump could bypass the Senate to install his ...

    www.aol.com/news/explainer-trump-could-bypass...

    President-elect Donald Trump has said he might install his picks for top administration posts without first winning approval in the U.S. Senate. This would erode the power of Congress and remove a ...

  8. Government shutdown odds are rising. Economic experts aren’t ...

    www.aol.com/finance/government-shutdown-odds...

    Other stoppages have been much shorter, with economic analyses after the fact often showing that the lost money is then returned to the US economy in nearly equal measure after the government reopens.

  9. Calvin cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_cycle

    2 in photorespiration. The rate of photorespiration is higher at high temperatures. Photorespiration turns RuBP into 3-PGA and 2-phosphoglycolate, a 2-carbon molecule that can be converted via glycolate and glyoxalate to glycine. Via the glycine cleavage system and tetrahydrofolate, two glycines are converted into serine plus CO 2. Serine can ...