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The combined death toll of civilians for the Battle of Manila was about 100,000, most of which was attributed to massacres by Japanese forces. [10] [11] [2] Some historians, citing a higher civilian casualty rate for the entire battle, suggest that 100,000 to 500,000 died as a result of the Manila massacre on its own, exclusive of other causes.
Mariano Numeriano Castañeda (20 December 1892 – 8 September 1970) was a Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines from 1948 to 1951 and also served as Military Governor of Cavite during World War II.
Battle of Manila (1945) Historical Marker, Malacañang Palace. On 18 February 1995, the Memorare-Manila 1945 Foundation dedicated a memorial called the Shrine of Freedom to honor the memory of the over 100,000 civilians killed in the battle. It is also known as the Memorare Manila Monument and is located at Plaza de Santa Isabel in Intramuros.
Even in the Philippines, the 1945 battle by American and Filipino forces to liberate Manila is largely forgotten. Researchers and historians are trying to change that. This city was ravaged in WWII.
Historical accounts, [2] [1] supported by archeological and linguistic evidence [2] [31] [1] and corroborated by anthropological studies, [2] [1] show that the Tagalog people, including those in Tondo and Maynila, practiced a set of Austronesian beliefs and practices which date back to the arrival of Austronesian peoples, [77] [78] [1] although ...
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The Philippine War Crimes Commission (Filipino: Komisyon ng mga Krimen sa Digmaan ng Pilipinas) was a commission created in late 1945 by General Douglas MacArthur as Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers to investigate the war crimes committed by the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy during the invasion, occupation, and liberation of the Philippines.
Two special elections (known elsewhere as "by-elections") for Manila's 1st (North) district's seat in the Philippine Assembly, the lower house of the Philippine Legislature of the Insular Government of the Philippine Islands, were held on 1908.