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  2. Moravec's paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moravec's_paradox

    In his 1994 book The Language Instinct, he wrote: The main lesson of thirty-five years of AI research is that the hard problems are easy and the easy problems are hard. The mental abilities of a four-year-old that we take for granted – recognizing a face, lifting a pencil, walking across a room, answering a question – in fact solve some of ...

  3. List of complexity classes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_complexity_classes

    The hardest problems in PSPACE. PTAS: Polynomial-time approximation scheme (a subclass of APX). QIP: Solvable in polynomial time by a quantum interactive proof system. QMA: Quantum analog of NP. R: Solvable in a finite amount of time. RE: Problems to which we can answer "YES" in a finite amount of time, but a "NO" answer might never come. RL

  4. Graph partition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_partition

    If the number of resulting edges is small compared to the original graph, then the partitioned graph may be better suited for analysis and problem-solving than the original. Finding a partition that simplifies graph analysis is a hard problem, but one that has applications to scientific computing, VLSI circuit design, and task scheduling in ...

  5. Complexity class - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complexity_class

    A problem is hard for a class of problems C if every problem in C can be polynomial-time reduced to . Thus no problem in C is harder than , since an algorithm for allows us to solve any problem in C with at most polynomial slowdown. Of particular importance, the set of problems that are hard for NP is called the set of NP-hard problems.

  6. P versus NP problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P_versus_NP_problem

    An important unsolved problem in complexity theory is whether the graph isomorphism problem is in P, NP-complete, or NP-intermediate. The answer is not known, but it is believed that the problem is at least not NP-complete. [20] If graph isomorphism is NP-complete, the polynomial time hierarchy collapses to its second level. [21]

  7. 10 Hard Math Problems That Even the Smartest People in the ...

    www.aol.com/10-hard-math-problems-even-150000090...

    Goldbach’s Conjecture. One of the greatest unsolved mysteries in math is also very easy to write. Goldbach’s Conjecture is, “Every even number (greater than two) is the sum of two primes ...

  8. Computational hardness assumption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_hardness...

    Many worst-case computational problems are known to be hard or even complete for some complexity class, in particular NP-hard (but often also PSPACE-hard, PPAD-hard, etc.). This means that they are at least as hard as any problem in the class C {\displaystyle C} .

  9. AI-complete - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI-complete

    On the other hand, a problem is AI-Hard if and only if there is an AI-Complete problem that is polynomial time Turing-reducible to . This also gives as a consequence the existence of AI-Easy problems, that are solvable in polynomial time by a deterministic Turing machine with an oracle for some problem.