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2. AMP-activated protein kinase - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMP-activated_protein_kinase

   One of the key pathways in AMPK's regulation of fatty acid oxidation is the phosphorylation and inactivation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. [28] Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) converts acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, an inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 . CPT-1 transports fatty acids into the mitochondria for oxidation. Inactivation of ACC ...

3. Metformin - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metformin

   AMPK is known to cause GLUT4 deployment to the plasma membrane, resulting in insulin-independent glucose uptake. [121] Some metabolic actions of metformin do appear to occur by AMPK-independent mechanisms, however, AMPK likely has a modest overall effect and its activity is not likely to directly decrease gluconeogenesis in the liver. [122]

4. Galectin-9 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galectin-9

   Galectin-9, through its cytoplasmic action in control of AMPK, [11] [12] may affect various health conditions impacted by AMPK, including metabolism, obesity, diabetes, cancer, immune responses, and may be a part of the mechanism of action of the widely-prescribed anti-diabetes drug metformin. [12]

5. Metformin slows colorectal cancer growth using microRNAs ...

   www.aol.com/metformin-slows-colorectal-cancer...

   A recent study published in Cancers examined metformin’s anti-cancer properties. Using colorectal cancer cells, researchers found molecular pathways that may explain metformin’s anti-cancer ...

6. Reuben Shaw - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuben_Shaw

   The AMPK pathway is related to LKB1 and altered in non-small-cell lung cancer. [9] [12] A non-small-cell lung cancer altered AMPK pathway can be reinitiated by treatment with the type 2 diabetes medication Metformin. [9] [13] [14] Shaw uses a combination of genetic engineering in mice and interdisciplinary studies across cancer, diabetes ...

7. List of signalling pathways - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_signalling_pathways

   AMPK signalling pathway; cAMP-dependent pathway; Eph/ephrin signalling pathway; Hedgehog signalling pathway; Hippo signalling pathway; Insulin signal transduction ...

8. 6 Benefits of Taking Metformin (Besides Weight Loss) - AOL

   www.aol.com/lifestyle/6-benefits-taking...

   2. Alleviates Hunger. Metformin improves how well your cells respond to insulin. This helps regulate your blood sugar levels and manage spikes in insulin that can trigger hunger and food cravings.

9. Protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_kinase,_AMP...

   AMPK is a cellular energy sensor conserved in all eukaryotic cells. The kinase activity of AMPK is activated by the stimuli that increase the cellular AMP/ATP ratio. AMPK regulates the activities of a number of key metabolic enzymes through phosphorylation. It protects cells from stresses that cause ATP depletion by switching off ATP-consuming ...