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The Lighthouse of Alexandria, sometimes called the Pharos of Alexandria (/ ˈ f ɛər ɒ s / FAIR-oss; Ancient Greek: ὁ Φάρος τῆς Ἀλεξανδρείας, romanized: ho Pháros tês Alexandreías, contemporary Koine Greek pronunciation: [ho pʰáros tɛ̂ːs aleksandrěːaːs]; Arabic: فنار الإسكندرية), was a lighthouse built by the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Ancient Egypt ...
In the Ptolemaic period the lighthouse was constructed on the orders of Ptolemy I and II. It is probable that Ptolemy I was also responsible for the building of the Heptastadion. [ 6 ] The causeway formed a barrier further separating the two harbours of Alexandria's oceanfront.
After its foundation, Alexandria became the seat of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, and quickly grew to be one of the greatest cities of the Hellenistic world. Only Rome, which gained control of Egypt in 30 BC, eclipsed Alexandria in size and wealth. The city fell to the Arabs in AD 641, and a new capital of Egypt, Fustat, was founded on the Nile.
The Ptolemaic Kingdom (/ ˌ t ɒ l ɪ ˈ m eɪ. ɪ k / ; Koinē Greek : Πτολεμαϊκὴ βασιλεία , Ptolemaïkḕ basileía ) [ 6 ] or Ptolemaic Empire [ 7 ] was an Ancient Greek polity based in Egypt during the Hellenistic period . [ 8 ]
Egypt's capital under Ptolemaic dynasty. 323 BC – Alexander dies. Ptolemy I Soter appointed "Satrap" of Egypt. 305 BC – Ptolemy I proclaims himself king. 283 BC – Library of Alexandria opens (approximate date). 247 BC – Lighthouse of Alexandria built (approximate date). 170 BC – Seleucid "Emperor" Antiochus IV Epiphanes briefly ...
This is a list of lighthouses in Egypt, which are located along both the Mediterranean and Red Sea coastlines of this North African country. The list includes active maritime lighthouses that are named landfall lights, or that have a range of at least fifteen nautical miles.
Circa 100 BC Ptolemaic Fort of Tal Abou Sayfi, South of Qantara Sharq city. [7] 200 AD Roman Fort of Tal Abou Sayfi, South of Qantara Sharq city (by Emperor Maximinus Thrax). [7] Unknown time Roman Lahfen castle near Al-Arish. [7] Saint Catherine's Monastery fortification, Mount Sinai, Sinai Peninsula. 640 AD Farma citadel. [7] [29] [32]
Ptolemy I and other early rulers of the dynasty were not married to their relatives, the childless marriage of siblings Ptolemy II and Arsinoe II [22] being an exception. The first child-producing incestuous marriage in the Ptolemaic dynasty was that of Ptolemy IV and Arsinoe III, who were succeeded as co-pharaohs by their son Ptolemy V, born ...