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  2. Langmuir adsorption model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langmuir_adsorption_model

    The concentration of sites is given by dividing the total number of sites (S 0) covering the whole surface by the area of the adsorbent (a): [] = /. We can then calculate the concentration of all sites by summing the concentration of free sites [S] and occupied sites:

  3. Molar absorption coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar_absorption_coefficient

    The absorbance of a material that has only one absorbing species also depends on the pathlength and the concentration of the species, according to the Beer–Lambert law =, where ε is the molar absorption coefficient of that material; c is the molar concentration of those species; ℓ is the path length.

  4. Schwarzschild's equation for radiative transfer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzschild's_equation...

    The absorption coefficient is fundamentally the product of a quantity of absorbers per unit volume, [cm −3], times an efficiency of absorption (area/absorber, [cm 2]). Several sources [ 2 ] [ 12 ] [ 3 ] replace nσ λ with k λ r , where k λ is the absorption coefficient per unit density and r is the density of the gas.

  5. Absorbance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorbance

    Absorbance is defined as "the logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a sample (excluding the effects on cell walls)". [1] Alternatively, for samples which scatter light, absorbance may be defined as "the negative logarithm of one minus absorptance, as measured on a uniform sample". [2]

  6. Maximum acceptable toxicant concentration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_Acceptable...

    The maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) is a value that is calculated through aquatic toxicity tests to help set water quality regulations for the protection of aquatic life. Using the results of a partial life-cycle chronic toxicity test, the MATC is reported as the geometric mean between the No Observed Effect Concentration ...

  7. Beer–Lambert law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer–Lambert_law

    Absorbance within range of 0.2 to 0.5 is ideal to maintain linearity in the Beer–Lambert law. If the radiation is especially intense, nonlinear optical processes can also cause variances. The main reason, however, is that the concentration dependence is in general non-linear and Beer's law is valid only under certain conditions as shown by ...

  8. Nucleic acid quantitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_quantitation

    The blank solution should be the same pH and of a similar ionic strength as the sample solution. Example: using water for the blank measurement for samples dissolved in TE may result in low 260/230 ratios. A260/A280 Residual phenol or other reagent associated with the extraction protocol. A very low concentration (< 10 ng/μL) of nucleic acid.

  9. Absorption (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorption_(chemistry)

    Absorption is a condition in which something takes in another substance. [1] In many processes important in technology, the chemical absorption is used in place of the physical process, e.g., absorption of carbon dioxide by sodium hydroxide – such acid-base processes do not follow the Nernst partition law (see: solubility).