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  2. A-not-B error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-not-B_error

    However, this account does not explain the shift in behavior that occurs around 12 months. Smith and Thelen [2] used a dynamic systems approach to the A-not-B task. They found that various components of the activity (strength of memory trace, salience of targets, waiting time, stance) combine in the "B"-trial (where the object is hidden in the ...

  3. Boolean satisfiability problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_satisfiability_problem

    Since a XOR b XOR c evaluates to TRUE if and only if exactly 1 or 3 members of {a,b,c} are TRUE, each solution of the 1-in-3-SAT problem for a given CNF formula is also a solution of the XOR-3-SAT problem, and in turn each solution of XOR-3-SAT is a solution of 3-SAT; see the picture. As a consequence, for each CNF formula, it is possible to ...

  4. Buffon's needle problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffon's_needle_problem

    The a needle lies across a line, while the b needle does not. In probability theory, Buffon's needle problem is a question first posed in the 18th century by Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon: [1] Suppose we have a floor made of parallel strips of wood, each the same width, and we drop a needle onto the floor.

  5. List of unsolved problems in mathematics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

    Many mathematical problems have been stated but not yet solved. These problems come from many areas of mathematics, such as theoretical physics, computer science, algebra, analysis, combinatorics, algebraic, differential, discrete and Euclidean geometries, graph theory, group theory, model theory, number theory, set theory, Ramsey theory, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations.

  6. List of undecidable problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_undecidable_problems

    For functions in certain classes, the problem of determining: whether two functions are equal, known as the zero-equivalence problem (see Richardson's theorem); [4] the zeroes of a function; whether the indefinite integral of a function is also in the class. [5] Of course, some subclasses of these problems are decidable.

  7. Monty Hall problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty_Hall_problem

    As already remarked, most sources in the topic of probability, including many introductory probability textbooks, solve the problem by showing the conditional probabilities that the car is behind door 1 and door 2 are ⁠ 1 / 3 ⁠ and ⁠ 2 / 3 ⁠ (not ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ and ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠) given that the contestant initially picks door 1 and the ...

  8. Buffon's noodle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffon's_noodle

    In geometric probability, the problem of Buffon's noodle is a variation on the well-known problem of Buffon's needle, named after Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon who lived in the 18th century. This approach to the problem was published by Joseph-Émile Barbier in 1860.

  9. List of paradoxes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_paradoxes

    Sleeping Beauty problem: A probability problem that can be correctly answered as one half or one third depending on how the question is approached. Three Prisoners problem , also known as the Three Prisoners paradox: [ 3 ] A variation of the Monty Hall problem .