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  2. Sulfate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfate

    This is a common laboratory test to determine if sulfate anions are present. The sulfate ion can act as a ligand attaching either by one oxygen (monodentate) or by two oxygens as either a chelate or a bridge. [7] An example is the complex Co 2 (SO 4)] + Br − [7] or the neutral metal complex PtSO 4 (PPh 3) 2] where the sulfate ion is acting as ...

  3. Qualitative inorganic analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualitative_inorganic_analysis

    The test can distinguish between copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn) or lead (Pb). Sodium carbonate solution is added to the salt of the metal. A blue precipitate indicates Cu 2+ ion. A dirty green precipitate indicates Fe 2+ ion. A yellow-brown precipitate indicates Fe 3+ ion. A white precipitate indicates Ca 2+, Zn 2+, or Pb 2 ...

  4. Flame test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_test

    The characteristic bluish-green color of the flame is due to the copper. A flame test is relatively quick test for the presence of some elements in a sample. The technique is archaic and of questionable reliability, but once was a component of qualitative inorganic analysis .

  5. Salt (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(chemistry)

    For example, FeSO 4 is named iron(2+) sulfate (with the 2+ charge on the Fe 2+ ions balancing the 2− charge on the sulfate ion), whereas Fe 2 (SO 4) 3 is named iron(3+) sulfate (because the two iron ions in each formula unit each have a charge of 3+, to balance the 2− on each of the three sulfate ions). [108]

  6. Total dissolved solids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_dissolved_solids

    Bottled mineral water usually contains higher TDS levels than tap water. Total dissolved solids (TDS) is a measure of the dissolved combined content of all inorganic and organic substances present in a liquid in molecular, ionized, or micro-granular (colloidal sol) suspended form. TDS are often measured in parts per million (ppm).

  7. Ionic strength - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionic_strength

    The molar ionic strength, I, of a solution is a function of the concentration of all ions present in that solution. [3]= = where one half is because we are including both cations and anions, c i is the molar concentration of ion i (M, mol/L), z i is the charge number of that ion, and the sum is taken over all ions in the solution.

  8. Thermometric titration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermometric_titration

    Thermometric sensors have no electrochemical interaction with the titrating solution, and therefore can be used on a continuous basis with essentially no maintenance. Similarly, the potentiometric titration of sulfate with barium chloride in various industrial samples can lead to rapid degradation of the indicating barium ion selective electrode.

  9. Calibration curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calibration_curve

    A calibration curve plot showing limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), dynamic range, and limit of linearity (LOL).. In analytical chemistry, a calibration curve, also known as a standard curve, is a general method for determining the concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown to a set of standard samples of known concentration. [1]