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The fraud occurs when the criminals sell the goods with VAT in the UK but fail to pass the VAT to HMRC. [48] The goods are often repeatedly shipped around EU countries by criminal gang networks, hence the "carousel" name. [49] According to the HMRC, between £1.1bn and £1.9bn tax revenue was lost in 2004/05 due to carousel fraud. [49]
His Majesty's Revenue and Customs (commonly HM Revenue and Customs, or HMRC) [4] [5] is a non-ministerial department of the UK Government responsible for the collection of taxes, the payment of some forms of state support, the administration of other regulatory regimes including the national minimum wage and the issuance of national insurance numbers.
A Self Assessment (SA100) tax return. In the United Kingdom, a tax return is a document that must be filed with HM Revenue & Customs declaring liability for taxation.Different bodies must file different returns with respect to various forms of taxation.
HMRC's 2017 consultation response stated that spreadsheets can be used if they can meet with HMRC's technical requirements. [5] However, many taxpayers will use more comprehensive accounting software to avoid the complications of linking a spreadsheet to their digital tax account. [ 6 ]
The "reverse charge mechanism" now requires that the customer, rather than the supplier, account for VAT on the supply. [19] [20] In 2010, the reverse charge mechanism was extended to services in order to combat MTIC fraud in the carbon market. This means that the reverse charge applies to transactions in emissions allowances. [9]
The 2004 Budget included proposals to merge HM Customs and Excise with the Board of Inland Revenue to form a new department, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The merger was implemented by the Commissioners for Revenue and Customs Act 2005 with effect from 18 April 2005.
From 1 January 2020, the valid VAT number of the customer is a material requirement to be able to apply the zero VAT rate for intra-Community supplies of goods in the EU. If the customer’s VAT number is not valid, 0% VAT rate cannot be applied. Companies must make sure that the VAT numbers of their customers are checked. [4]
EU VAT Tax Rates. The European Union value-added tax (or EU VAT) is a value added tax on goods and services within the European Union (EU). The EU's institutions do not collect the tax, but EU member states are each required to adopt in national legislation a value added tax that complies with the EU VAT code.