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Oligoclonal bands (OCBs) are bands of immunoglobulins that are seen when a patient's blood serum, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is analyzed. They are used in the diagnosis of various neurological and blood diseases. Oligoclonal bands are present in the CSF of more than 95% of patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis. [1]
CSF albumin is a measurement used to determine the levels of albumin in cerebrospinal fluid. [1] A closely related test, CSF total protein is a measurement used to determine the levels of protein in cerebrospinal fluid. [2] [3] It combines the albumin, IgG, and other proteins. It can be useful in distinguishing among causes of Meningitis.
However, elevated blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) result in elevated CSF glucose levels [3] as the CSF glucose level is proportional to the blood glucose level with glucose being actively transported as well as simply diffusing down the concentration gradient from blood to CSF. In addition, damage to small blood vessels during lumbar ...
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless body fluid found within the tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord of all vertebrates. CSF is produced by specialised ependymal cells in the choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain, and absorbed in the arachnoid granulations. In humans, there is about 125 mL of CSF at any one time ...
Pandy's test (or Pandy's reaction) is done on the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) to detect the elevated levels of proteins (mainly globulins). This test is named after the Hungarian neurologist , Pándy Kálmán (1868–1945) who developed this test in the year 1910.
The CSF/serum glucose ratio, also known as CSF/blood glucose ratio, is a measurement used to compare CSF glucose and blood sugar. Because many bacteria metabolize glucose, and because the blood–brain barrier minimizes transversal, the ratio can be useful in determining whether there is a bacterial infection in the CSF. The normal ratio is 0.6 ...
Following is a list of reference ranges for cerebrospinal fluid: Ions and metals ... Corresponds to % of that in blood plasma; RBCs: n/a [2] 0 [2] / negative: cells ...
CSF/serum albumin ratio is a test performed to compare the levels of albumin in the cerebrospinal fluid and the serum. It is useful as a measure of the integrity of the blood–brain barrier . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ]