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  2. Chemical synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_synthesis

    Chemical synthesis (chemical combination) is the artificial execution of chemical reactions to obtain one or several products. [1] This occurs by physical and chemical manipulations usually involving one or more reactions. In modern laboratory uses, the process is reproducible and reliable. A chemical synthesis involves one or more compounds ...

  3. Single displacement reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_displacement_reaction

    Metals react with acids to form salts and hydrogen gas. Liberation of hydrogen gas when zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid. + () + [2] [3] However less reactive metals can not displace the hydrogen from acids. [3] (They may react with oxidizing acids though.)

  4. Chemical reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction

    A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. [1] When chemical reactions occur, the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is accompanied by an energy change as new products are generated.

  5. Hydrogenation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogenation

    Some metal-free catalytic systems have been investigated in academic research. One such system for reduction of ketones consists of tert-butanol and potassium tert-butoxide and very high temperatures. [33] The reaction depicted below describes the hydrogenation of benzophenone:

  6. Electrosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrosynthesis

    Examples from industry are the reduction of phthalic acid: and the reduction of 2-methoxynaphthalene: The Tafel rearrangement, named for Julius Tafel, was at one time an important method for the synthesis of certain hydrocarbons from alkylated ethyl acetoacetate, a reaction accompanied by the rearrangement reaction of the alkyl group: [15] [16]

  7. Lewis acid catalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Acid_Catalysis

    Common Lewis acid catalysts are based on main group metals such as aluminum, boron, silicon, and tin, as well as many early (titanium, zirconium) and late (iron, copper, zinc) d-block metals. The metal atom forms an adduct with a lone-pair bearing electronegative atom in the substrate, such as oxygen (both sp 2 or sp 3), nitrogen, sulfur, and ...

  8. Suzuki reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzuki_reaction

    The Suzuki reaction or Suzuki coupling is an organic reaction that uses a palladium complex catalyst to cross-couple a boronic acid to an organohalide. [1] [2] [3] It was first published in 1979 by Akira Suzuki, and he shared the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Richard F. Heck and Ei-ichi Negishi for their contribution to the discovery and development of noble metal catalysis in organic ...

  9. Transmetalation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmetalation

    In redox-transmetalation a ligand is transferred from one metal to the other through an intermolecular mechanism. During the reaction one of the metal centers is oxidized and the other is reduced. The electronegativities of the metals and ligands is what causes the reaction to go forward.