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Polyethylene was first synthesized by the German chemist Hans von Pechmann, who prepared it by accident in 1898 while investigating diazomethane. [12] [a] [13] [b] When his colleagues Eugen Bamberger and Friedrich Tschirner characterized the white, waxy substance that he had created, they recognized that it contained long −CH 2 − chains and termed it polymethylene.
The first industrially practical polyethylene synthesis discovered by Eric Fawcett and Reginald Gibson at the Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) works in Northwich, England. [10] 1935 Nylon is invented and patented by DuPont [6] 1938: Nylon is first used for bristles in toothbrushes. It features at the 1939 worlds fair and is famously used in ...
The world's first fully synthetic plastic was Bakelite, invented in New York in 1907, by Leo Baekeland, [5] who coined the term "plastics". [6] Dozens of different types of plastics are produced today, such as polyethylene , which is widely used in product packaging , and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), used in construction and pipes because of its ...
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is a thermoplastic made from the monomer ethylene. It was the first grade of polyethylene , produced in 1933 by Dr John C. Swallow and M.W Perrin who were working for Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) using a high pressure process via free radical polymerization . [ 1 ]
Polyethylene terephthalate is produced largely from purified terephthalic acid (PTA), as well as to a lesser extent from (mono-)ethylene glycol (MEG) and dimethyl terephthalate (DMT). [ 41 ] [ 5 ] As of 2022, ethylene glycol is made from ethene found in natural gas , while terephthalic acid comes from p-xylene made from crude oil .
Polyethylene glycol (PEG; / ˌ p ɒ l i ˈ ɛ θ əl ˌ iː n ˈ ɡ l aɪ ˌ k ɒ l,-ˈ ɛ θ ɪ l-,-ˌ k ɔː l /) is a polyether compound derived from petroleum with many applications, from industrial manufacturing to medicine. PEG is also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene (POE), depending on its molecular weight.
One of the most popular and simple symbols of Christmas decorations has a surprising history. Tinsel was first invented in the 1600s but it wasn't cheap. Back then it was made from strands of ...
Plastic was invented in the nineteenth century and was originally used to replace common materials such as ivory, rubber, and shellac. [4] Plastic bottles were first used commercially in 1947, but remained relatively expensive until the early 1950s when high-density polyethylene was introduced. [5]