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2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T). The active ingredient of Agent Orange was an equal mixture of two phenoxy herbicides – 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) – in iso-octyl ester form, which contained traces of the dioxin 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo ...
Agent Orange, a defoliant used by the British in the Malayan Emergency and the U.S. in the Vietnam War, was equal parts 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). 2,4,5-T itself is toxic with a NOAEL of 3 mg/kg/day and a LOAEL of 10 mg/kg/day. [3] Agent Pink contained 100% 2,4,5-T (dioxin
Agent Orange II: 50% n-butyl ester 2,4-D and 50% isooctyl ester 2,4,5-T: after 1968 [5] [6] Agent Orange III: 66.6% n-butyl 2,4-D and 33.3% n-butyl ester 2,4,5-T. [7] Enhanced Agent Orange, Orange Plus, Super Orange (SO), or Dow Herbicide M-3393: Standardized Agent Orange mixture of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T combined with an oil-based mixture of ...
In the 1960s and 1970s, Monsanto was a producer of Agent Orange for United States Armed Forces operations in Vietnam, and settled out of court in a lawsuit brought by veterans in 1984. [42]: 6 In 1968, it became the first company to start mass production of (visible) light-emitting diodes (LEDs), using gallium arsenide phosphide. From 1968 to ...
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (TCP) is an organochloride with the molecular formula C 6 H 3 Cl 3 O.It has been used as a fungicide and herbicide. [2] Precursor chemical used in the production of 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) and hexachlorophene involves the intermediate production of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (TCP) and the formation of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD, commonly ...
The government of Vietnam says that up to four million people in Vietnam were exposed to the defoliant, and as many as three million people have suffered illness because of Agent Orange, [40] while the Viet Nam Red Cross Society estimates that up to one million people were disabled or have health problems as a result of exposure to Agent Orange ...
2.3 As an oxidizing agent. 2.4 Nitrosylation of arenes. 2.5 As a source of nitrosyl complexes. ... NO 2 is readily detectable by its characteristic orange color.
Soot is considered a hazardous substance with carcinogenic properties. [2] Most broadly, the term includes all the particulate matter produced by this process, including black carbon and residual pyrolysed fuel particles such as coal , cenospheres , charred wood, and petroleum coke classified as cokes or char .