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Evaporation is a type of vaporization that occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gas phase. [1] A high concentration of the evaporating substance in the surrounding gas significantly slows down evaporation, such as when humidity affects rate of evaporation of water. [ 2 ]
In technical terms, the dew point is the temperature at which the water vapor in a sample of air at constant barometric pressure condenses into liquid water at the same rate at which it evaporates. [7] At temperatures below the dew point, the rate of condensation will be greater than that of evaporation, forming more liquid water.
Rate of transpiration can be influenced by factors including plant type, soil type, weather conditions and water content, and also cultivation practices. [6]: Ch. 1, "Transpiration" Evapotranspiration is typically measured in millimeters of water (i.e. volume of water moved per unit area of the Earth's surface) in a set unit of time. [6]:
Condensation: The transformation of water vapor to liquid water droplets in the air, creating clouds and fog. [8] Evaporation: The transformation of water from liquid to gas phases as it moves from the ground or bodies of water into the overlying atmosphere. [9] The source of energy for evaporation is primarily solar radiation.
Water vapor, water vapour or aqueous vapor is the gaseous phase of water. It is one state of water within the hydrosphere. Water vapor can be produced from the evaporation or boiling of liquid water or from the sublimation of ice. Water vapor is transparent, like most constituents of the atmosphere. [1]
As a water molecule evaporates from the leaf's surface it pulls on the adjacent water molecule, creating a continuous water flow through the plant. [6] Two major factors influence the rate of water flow from the soil to the roots: the hydraulic conductivity of the soil and the magnitude of the pressure gradient through the soil.
There are a number of methods for calculating the sublimation pressure (i.e., the vapor pressure) of a solid. One method is to estimate the sublimation pressure from extrapolated liquid vapor pressures (of the supercooled liquid), if the heat of fusion is known, by using this particular form of the Clausius–Clapeyron relation: [9]
Bromine liquid readily transitions to vapor at room temperature, indicating high volatility In chemistry , volatility is a material quality which describes how readily a substance vaporizes . At a given temperature and pressure , a substance with high volatility is more likely to exist as a vapour , while a substance with low volatility is more ...