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Turpentine (which is also called spirit of turpentine, oil of turpentine, terebenthine, terebenthene, terebinthine and, colloquially, turps) [2] is a fluid obtained by the distillation of resin harvested from living trees, mainly pines. Principally used as a specialized solvent, it is also a source of material for organic syntheses.
A 2-litre (3.5 imp pt) container of white spirit. White spirit (AU, UK and Ireland) [note 1] or mineral spirits (US, Canada), also known as mineral turpentine (AU/NZ/ZA), turpentine substitute, and petroleum spirits, is a petroleum-derived clear liquid used as a common organic solvent in painting. [1]
Even though there is a lot of cross-over, the two should not be confused. The very name mineral turpentine is misleading since it contains no terpenes (cf wood turpentine). Use of the more general name High Aromatic White Spirit or Mineral Spirit is very unlikely to be widely used outside of specific industries.
Turpentine production boomed in North Florida between the late 1800s and 1920s; in the early 1900s, the Knabb family began to build one of the largest turpentine operations in the United States, and by the mid-20th century owned over 200,000 acres of pine forest in Baker County, over half its area. The eldest brother, T.J. Knabb (1880–1937 ...
Some paint thinners spontaneously ignite in relatively low temperature. The most common paint thinner, white spirit, has a very low flash point, at about 40 °C (104 °F), [5] the same as some popular brands of charcoal starter. [6] All such solvents with low flash points are hazardous and must be labelled as flammable. [7] [8]
Camphine, made of spirits of turpentine, had a high carbon content and tended to smoke unless burned in a lamp with a chimney. [6] Burning fluid was a blend of alcohol and turpentine (one part spirits of turpentine and four parts highly distilled alcohol, according to a 1897 report for Congress [ 8 ] ) which allowed the turpentine to burn ...
Aqua fortis /spirit of nitre – nitric acid, formed by 2 parts saltpetre in 1 part (pure) oil of vitriol (sulfuric acid). (Historically, this process could not have been used, as 98% oil of vitriol was not available.) Aqua ragia /spirit of turpentine/oil of turpentine/gum turpentine – turpentine, formed by the distillation of pine tree resin.
Turpentine preparations [ edit ] As possible remedy for leprosy, especially with coexisting erysipelas, he paid great efforts to the spirit of turpentine, or oil of turpentine, first developed by Klingmuller and he named it TR.
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