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Long's bridge contained diagonal braces which were prestressed with wedges. The Long truss did not require a connection between the diagonal and the truss, and was able to remain in compression even when the wood shrank somewhat. [2] William Howe was a construction contractor in Massachusetts when he patented the Howe truss design in 1840. [3]
The narrow section at mid-span gives the bridge profile a slight arch shape making this design particularly useful when large headroom is required. The profile also makes the bridge more architecturally pleasing than a beam bridge. Rigid-frame design may be the most efficient bridge type for spans between 35 and 80 feet (11 and 24 m). [5]
Cantilever bridge: 549 m (Quebec bridge) 1042.6 m (Forth Bridge) Cantilever spar cable-stayed bridge: Clapper bridge: Covered bridge: Girder bridge: Continuous span girder bridge Integral bridge: Extradosed bridge: 1,920 m Arrah–Chhapra Bridge: Moon bridge: Movable bridge: Pigtail bridge: Plate girder bridge: Pontoon bridge: Rigid-frame ...
A simple lattice truss will transform the applied loads into a thrust, as the bridge will tend to change length under load. This is resisted by pinning the lattice members to the top and bottom chords, which are more substantial than the lattice members, but which may also be fabricated from relatively small elements rather than large beams.
Royal Albert Bridge under construction in 1859. A lenticular truss bridge includes a lens-shape truss, with trusses between an upper chord functioning as an arch that curves up and then down to end points, and a lower chord (functioning as a suspension cable) that curves down and then up to meet at the same end points. [19]
As cross-bracing cannot normally be added, vertical stiffeners on the girders are normally used to prevent buckling (technically described as 'U-frame behaviour' [5]). This form of bridge is most often used on railroads as the construction depth (distance between the underside of the vehicle, and the underside of the bridge) is much less. This ...
In British English this assembly is called a "cross frame". The term bent is probably an archaic past tense of the verb to bind , referring to the way the timbers of a bent are joined together. The Dutch word is bint (past participle gebint ), [ 1 ] the West Frisian is bynt , and the German is bind .
A trestle bridge is a bridge composed of a number of short spans supported by closely spaced frames. A trestle (sometimes tressel) is a rigid frame used as a support, historically a tripod used to support a stool or a pair of isosceles triangles joined at their apices by a plank or beam such as the support structure for a trestle table.