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Courtaulds was a United Kingdom-based manufacturer of fabric, clothing, artificial fibres, and chemicals. It was established in 1794 and became the world's leading man-made fibre production company before being broken up in 1990 into Courtaulds plc and Courtaulds Textiles Ltd .
The Courtauld Silk Mill in Halstead, Essex. Samuel Courtauld (c. 1793 – 22 March 1881) was a British industrialist who developed his family firm, Courtaulds, to become eventually the world's largest textile company.
Fremery and Urban decided to start making artificial silk (Glanzstoff), and patented a version of the Despeissis process with the addition of a practical method for spinning the fiber. They filed the patent under the name of Dr. Hermann Pauly (1870–1950) [b] so as not to alert their competitors. The patent was challenged but was upheld. [3]
Apprenticed to a Spitalfields silk weaver in 1775, George Courtauld first worked on his own as silk throwster. [1] Between 1785 and 1794 he made a number of visits to America. [1]
Silk, wool, and linen fabrics were being eclipsed by cotton which became the most important textile. Innovations in carding and spinning enabled by advances in cast iron technology resulted in the creation of larger spinning mules and water frames. The machinery was housed in water-powered mills on streams.
American Viscose Corporation was an American division of the British firm Courtaulds, which manufactured rayon and other synthetic fibres. The company operated from 1910 to 1976 when it was renamed Avtex. Avtex closed in 1990.
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The American Viscose Company was established in 1909 as the American wing of Courtaulds, a British textile company specializing in silk. [3] The company patented the method of production of viscose (also known as artificial silk, and later, rayon), and built its first United States plant at Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania, in 1910. [3]