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  2. Discounted cash flow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discounted_cash_flow

    An alternate, although less common approach, is to apply a "fundamental valuation" method, such as the "T-model", which instead relies on accounting information. Other methods of discounting, such as hyperbolic discounting, are studied in academia and said to reflect intuitive decision-making, but are not generally used in industry. In this ...

  3. Valuation using discounted cash flows - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valuation_using_discounted...

    Forward Discount Rate 60% 40% 30% 25% 20% Discount Factor 0.625 0.446 0.343 0.275 0.229 Discounted Cash Flow (22) (10) 3 28 42 This gives a total value of 41 for the first five years' cash flows. MedICT has chosen the perpetuity growth model to calculate the value of cash flows beyond the forecast period.

  4. Discounting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discounting

    [2] [6] The "discount rate" is the rate at which the "discount" must grow as the delay in payment is extended. [7] This fact is directly tied into the time value of money and its calculations. [1] The present value of $1,000, 100 years into the future. Curves representing constant discount rates of 2%, 3%, 5%, and 7%

  5. Dividend discount model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dividend_discount_model

    A related approach, known as a discounted cash flow analysis, can be used to calculate the intrinsic value of a stock including both expected future dividends and the expected sale price at the end of the holding period. If the intrinsic value exceeds the stock’s current market price, the stock is an attractive investment.

  6. Bond valuation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_valuation

    The basic method for calculating a bond's theoretical fair value, or intrinsic worth, uses the present value (PV) formula shown below, using a single market interest rate to discount cash flows in all periods. A more complex approach would use different interest rates for cash flows in different periods.

  7. Stochastic discount factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stochastic_discount_factor

    The concept of the stochastic discount factor (SDF) is used in financial economics and mathematical finance. The name derives from the price of an asset being computable by "discounting" the future cash flow x ~ i {\displaystyle {\tilde {x}}_{i}} by the stochastic factor m ~ {\displaystyle {\tilde {m}}} , and then taking the expectation. [ 1 ]

  8. Modified internal rate of return - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified_internal_rate_of...

    The formula adds up the negative cash flows after discounting them to time zero using the external cost of capital, adds up the positive cash flows including the proceeds of reinvestment at the external reinvestment rate to the final period, and then works out what rate of return would cause the magnitude of the discounted negative cash flows ...

  9. Present value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_value

    Calculating the net present value, , of a stream of cash flows consists of discounting each cash flow to the present, using the present value factor and the appropriate number of compounding periods, and combining these values. [1]