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  2. Lintel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lintel

    Modern-day lintels may be made using prestressed concrete and are also referred to as beams in beam-and-block slabs or as ribs in rib-and-block slabs. These prestressed concrete lintels and blocks can serve as components that are packed together and propped to form a suspended-floor concrete slab. An arch functions as a curved lintel. [1] [2]

  3. Shelf angle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelf_angle

    In masonry veneer building construction, a shelf angle or masonry support is a steel angle which supports the weight of brick or stone veneer and transfers that weight onto the main structure of the building so that a gap or space can be created beneath to allow building movements to occur.

  4. Course (architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Course_(architecture)

    Coursed masonry construction arranges units in regular courses. Oppositely, coursed rubble masonry construction uses random uncut units, infilled with mortar or smaller stones. [1] If a course is the horizontal arrangement, then a wythe is a continuous vertical section of masonry [2] one unit in thickness. A wythe may be independent of, or ...

  5. Arch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arch

    However, lintels are subject to bending stress, while the flat arches are true arches, composed of irregular voussoir shapes (the keystone is the only one of the symmetric wedge shape), [83] and that efficiently uses the compressive strength of the masonry in the same manner as a curved arch and thus requires a mass of masonry on both sides to ...

  6. Masonry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masonry

    Masonry walls have an endothermic effect of its hydrates, as in chemically bound water, unbound moisture from the concrete block, and the poured concrete if the hollow cores inside the blocks are filled. Masonry can withstand temperatures up to 1,000 °F (538 °C) and it can withstand direct exposure to fire for up to 4 hours.

  7. Corbel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corbel

    In architecture, a corbel is a structural piece of stone, wood or metal jutting from a wall to carry a superincumbent weight, [1] a type of bracket. [2] A corbel is a solid piece of material in the wall, whereas a console is a piece applied to the structure. A piece of timber projecting in the same way was called a "tassel" or a "bragger" in ...

  8. Jack arch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_arch

    A jack arch is a structural element in masonry construction that provides support at openings in the masonry. Alternate names are lintel arch, [1] flat arch and straight arch. Unlike regular arches, jack arches are not curved in form. Instead, they are flat in profile and are used under the same circumstances as lintels.

  9. Oxide jacking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxide_jacking

    Oxide jacking has caused concrete spalling on walls of the Herbst Pavilion at Fort Mason Center in San Francisco. The expansive force of rusting, which may be called oxide jacking or rust burst, is a phenomenon that can cause damage to structures made of stone, masonry, concrete or ceramics, and reinforced with metal components.

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