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Of two isomers of butylbenzene, n-butylbenzene consists of a phenyl group attached to the 1 position of a butyl group. It is a slightly greasy, colorless liquid. The synthesis of n-butylbenzene by the reaction of chlorobenzene and butylmagnesium bromide was one of the first demonstrations of the Kumada coupling using nickel diphosphine ...
In practice, this equation is used to predict the rate of reaction when little or no product is present. Such situations arise in enzyme assays. When used to model enzyme rates in vivo , for example, to model a metabolic pathway, this representation is inadequate because under these conditions product is present.
Curve of the Michaelis–Menten equation labelled in accordance with IUBMB recommendations. In biochemistry, Michaelis–Menten kinetics, named after Leonor Michaelis and Maud Menten, is the simplest case of enzyme kinetics, applied to enzyme-catalysed reactions of one substrate and one product.
Gattermann-Koch reaction: named after German chemists Ludwig Gattermann and Julius Arnold Koch, the Gattermann-Koch reaction is a catalyzed formylation of alkylbenzenes with carbon monoxide and hydrochloric acid. [5] Alkylbenzene sulfonation reaction: electrophilic addition of a sulfonic acid group onto the aromatic ring. [4]
In chemistry, a reaction mechanism is the step by step sequence of elementary reactions by which overall chemical reaction occurs. [ 1 ] A chemical mechanism is a theoretical conjecture that tries to describe in detail what takes place at each stage of an overall chemical reaction.
Diagram of a catalytic reaction, showing the energy level as a function of the reaction coordinate. For a catalyzed reaction, the activation energy is lower. In chemistry, a reaction coordinate [1] is an abstract one-dimensional coordinate chosen to represent progress along a reaction pathway.
Crystalline potassium permanganate (KMnO 4) is placed in an evaporating dish. A depression is made at the center of the permanganate powder and glycerol liquid is added to it. The white smoke-like vapor produced by the reaction is a mixture of carbon dioxide gas and water vapor.
A generic phase diagram with unspecified axes; the invariant point is marked in red, metastable extensions labeled in blue, relevant reactions noted on stable ends of univariant lines. This rule is geometrically sound in the construction of phase diagrams since for every metastable reaction, there must be a phase that is relatively stable. This ...