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2. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet_germicidal...

   A portable, battery-powered, low-pressure mercury-vapour discharge lamp for water sterilization Cutaway model of UV disinfection unit used in water treatment plants. Ultraviolet disinfection of water is a purely physical, chemical-free process.

3. Germicidal lamp - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germicidal_lamp

   A germicidal lamp (also known as disinfection lamp or sterilizer lamp) is an electric light that produces ultraviolet C (UVC) light. This short-wave ultraviolet light disrupts DNA base pairing , causing formation of pyrimidine dimers , and leads to the inactivation of bacteria , viruses , and protozoans .

4. Portable water purification - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_water_purification

   [29] [30] Studies have shown that UV doses at the levels provided by common portable UV units are effective at killing Giardia [31] and that there was no evidence of repair and reactivation of the cysts. [32] Water treated with UV still has the microbes present in the water, only with their means for reproduction turned "off".

5. Catskill-Delaware Water Ultraviolet Disinfection Facility

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catskill-Delaware_Water...

   The Catskill-Delaware Water Ultraviolet Disinfection Facility is a 160,000-square-foot (15,000 m 2) ultraviolet (UV) water disinfection plant built in Westchester County, New York to disinfect water for the New York City water supply system. [1] The compound is the largest ultraviolet germicidal irradiation plant in the world. [2]

6. Water purification - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_purification

   Ozone disinfection, or ozonation, is an effective method to inactivate harmful protozoa that form cysts. It also works well against almost all other pathogens. Ozone is made by passing oxygen through ultraviolet light or a "cold" electrical discharge. To use ozone as a disinfectant, it must be created on-site and added to the water by bubble ...

7. Sterilization (microbiology) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)

   Sterilization can be achieved using electromagnetic radiation, such as ultraviolet light (UV), X-rays, and gamma rays, or irradiation by subatomic particles such as electron beams. [57] Electromagnetic or particulate radiation can be energetic enough to ionize atoms or molecules ( ionizing radiation ), or less energetic atoms or molecules ( non ...