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Studies of nonhuman subjects support the theory that falling is an inborn fear. Gibson and Walk performed identical experiments with chicks, turtles, rats, kids, lambs, kittens, and puppies. [1] The results were similar to those of the human infants, although each animal behaved a little differently according to the characteristics of its species.
An example in humans is the reaction to the sight of a snake, many jump backwards before cognitively realizing what they are jumping away from, and in some cases, it is a stick rather than a snake. As with many functions of the brain, there are various regions of the brain involved in deciphering fear in humans and other nonhuman species. [37]
In humans, predatory death anxiety is evoked by a variety of dangerous situations that put one at risk or threaten one's survival. [ 17 ] : 617 Predatory death anxiety mobilizes an individual's adaptive resources and leads to a fight-or-flight response , consisting of active efforts to combat the danger or attempts to escape the threatening ...
There is an additional peak in incidence, reaching nearly 1% per year, during old age in both men and women, possibly reflective of newly occurring physical conditions or adverse life events. [1] The development of phobias varies with subtypes, with animal and blood injection phobias typically beginning in childhood (ages 5–12), whereas ...
The English suffixes -phobia, -phobic, -phobe (from Greek φόβος phobos, "fear") occur in technical usage in psychiatry to construct words that describe irrational, abnormal, unwarranted, persistent, or disabling fear as a mental disorder (e.g. agoraphobia), in chemistry to describe chemical aversions (e.g. hydrophobic), in biology to describe organisms that dislike certain conditions (e.g ...
The diagnosis criteria for BII phobias are stricter, with an estimated 3-4% prevalence in the general population, and this also includes blood-related phobias. [ 2 ] Prevalence of fear of needles has been increasing, with two studies showing an increase among children from 25% in 1995 to 65% in 2012 (for those born after 1999). [ 3 ]
[1] [2] Specific phobias are further divided to include certain animals, natural environment, blood or injury, and particular situations. [1] The most common are fear of spiders, fear of snakes, and fear of heights. [10] Specific phobias may be caused by a negative experience with the object or situation in early childhood to early adulthood. [1]
Phobophobia can also be defined as the fear of phobias or fear of developing a phobia. Phobophobia is related to anxiety disorders and panic attacks directly linked to other types of phobias, such as agoraphobia. [1] When a patient has developed phobophobia, their condition must be diagnosed and treated as part of anxiety disorders. [2]