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Political boundaries in Ireland in 1450, before the plantations. The first Plantations of Ireland occurred during the Tudor conquest.The Dublin Castle administration intended to pacify and anglicise Irish territories controlled by the Crown and incorporate the Gaelic Irish aristocracy into the English-controlled Kingdom of Ireland by using a policy of surrender and regrant.
The first plantations were established during the Edwardian conquest of Wales and the plantations of Ireland by the English Crown. In Wales , King Edward I of England began a policy of constructing a chain of fortifications and castles in North Wales to control the native Welsh population ; the Welsh were only permitted to enter the ...
Arthur Chichester, Lord Deputy of Ireland, one of the main planners of the Plantation. A colonization of Ulster had been proposed since the end of the Nine Years' War.The original proposals were smaller, involving planting settlers around key military posts and on church land, and would have included large land grants to native Irish lords who sided with the English during the war, such as ...
The first and most important result of the conquest was the disarmament of the native Irish lordships and the establishment of central government control for the first time over the whole island; Irish culture, law, and language were replaced; and many Irish lords lost their lands and hereditary authority.
The largest of these projects, the Plantation of Ulster, had settled up to 80,000 English and Scots in the north of Ireland by 1641. The so-called Ulster Scots were predominantly Presbyterian , which distinguished them from the Anglican English colonists.
The act was the first Tudor attempt at plantation in Ireland and was designed to formally open up the area to English settlement. The act displaced the ruling O'More (or Moore) clan of Loígis and the O'Connor rulers of the Kingdom of Uí Failghe by declaring their lands to be the legal possession of the English monarch.
The history of Ireland from 1691–1800 was marked by the dominance of the Protestant Ascendancy.These were Anglo-Irish families of the Anglican Church of Ireland, whose English ancestors had settled Ireland in the wake of its conquest by England and colonisation in the Plantations of Ireland, and had taken control of most of the land.
The first Lord of Ireland was King John, who visited Ireland in 1185 and 1210 and helped consolidate the Norman-controlled areas while ensuring that the many Irish kings swore fealty to him. Throughout the thirteenth century, the policy of the English Kings was to weaken the power of the Norman Lords in Ireland.