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  2. Patch clamp - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patch_clamp

    Classical patch clamp setup, with microscope, antivibration table, and micromanipulators. During a patch clamp recording, a hollow glass tube known as a micropipette or patch pipette filled with an electrolyte solution and a recording electrode connected to an amplifier is brought into contact with the membrane of an isolated cell.

  3. Patch-sequencing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patch-Sequencing

    The patch pipette is designed for whole cell recording so its opening diameter is larger than experiments done to examine single ion-channels. For the most part standard patch clamp protocols may be used although there are some small situation dependent modifications to the pipette and the internal solution.

  4. Glucose clamp technique - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose_clamp_technique

    Two types of clamp are quite commonly used. The hyperglycemic clamp, which requires maintaining a high blood sugar level by perfusion or infusion with glucose, is a way to quantify how fast beta-cells respond to glucose. The hyperinsulinemic clamp, which requires maintaining a high insulin level by perfusion or infusion with insulin, is a way ...

  5. Automated patch clamp - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_patch_clamp

    A schematic of a patch clamp chip showing a gigaseal, whole cell recording configuration, and the ion channel and whole cell currents. Many types of systems have been developed for patch clamping cells in suspension cultures. One system uses a traditional pipette and cells in a droplet suspension culture to obtain patch clamp recordings (see ...

  6. Cell isolation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_isolation

    Isolated cells can also be used for cell culture, in which a single cell multiplies to create a colony of cells. [4] Cell isolation can also be used as part of a treatment. Isolation of pancreatic islet cells, followed by their subsequent culture and transplantation, has been used to treat patients with Type 1 Diabetes. [9]

  7. Optogenetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optogenetics

    Fig 1. Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) induces temporally precise blue light-driven activity in rat prelimbic prefrontal cortical neurons. a) In vitro schematic (left) showing blue light delivery and whole-cell patch-clamp recording of light-evoked activity from a fluorescent CaMKllα::ChR2-EYFP expressing pyramidal neuron (right) in an acute brain slice.

  8. 49 states are in drought conditions, threatening water ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/49-states-drought-conditions...

    Drought conditions have gripped nearly the entire country, with only one state spared as a bone-dry autumn left most states parched. In November, Kentucky became the 49th state to cross into ...

  9. Type 1 diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_1_diabetes

    Type 1 diabetes (T1D), formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that occurs when pancreatic cells (beta cells) are destroyed by the body's immune system. [5] In healthy persons, beta cells produce insulin .

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