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Bisoprolol, sold under the brand name Zebeta among others, is a beta blocker which is selective for the beta-1 receptor [7] and used for cardiovascular diseases, [7] including tachyarrhythmias, high blood pressure, angina, and heart failure.
Carvedilol is a nonselective beta blocker and alpha-1 blocker. [5] How it improves outcomes is not entirely clear but may involve dilation of blood vessels. [5] Carvedilol was patented in 1978 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1995. [5] [8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [9]
Beta blockers vary in their lipophilicity (fat solubility) and in turn in their ability to cross the blood–brain barrier and exert effects in the central nervous system. [76] Beta blockers with greater blood–brain barrier permeability can have both neuropsychiatric therapeutic benefits and side effects, as well as adverse cognitive effects ...
Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of adrenaline, aka slowing your heart rate and reducing those physical signs and symptoms of nervousness and anxiety, he explained.
Atenolol is a beta blocker medication primarily used to treat high blood pressure and heart-associated chest pain. [7] Although used to treat high blood pressure, it does not seem to improve mortality in those with the condition. [8] [9] Other uses include the prevention of migraines and treatment of certain irregular heart beats.
Esmolol, sold under the brand name Brevibloc, is a cardio selective beta 1 receptor blocker with rapid onset, [3] a very short duration of action, and no significant intrinsic sympathomimetic or membrane stabilising activity at therapeutic dosages.
Ebivol (Nebivolol) tablets. Nebivolol is a beta blocker used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. [5] As with other β-blockers, it is generally a less preferred treatment for high blood pressure. [6]
Acebutolol is a cardioselective beta-1 blocker which also considered a partial agonist due to its intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA). This means it provides low-grade beta stimulation at rest but acting as typical beta-blockers when sympathetic activity is high. [3]