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In earlier toilets, the cistern was located high above the toilet bowl and connected to it by a long pipe. It was necessary to pull a hanging chain connected to a release valve located inside the cistern in order to flush the toilet. Modern toilets may be close coupled, with the cistern mounted directly on the toilet bowl and no intermediate ...
When the handle of a flush toilet with a tank (British, cistern) is turned, a discharge mechanism is activated by means of a rod or chain. The mechanism may be a flapper valve, which is designed to sink more slowly than the water - allowing the water to exit to the toilet bowl below, so that the tank may empty.
Flush tanks or cisterns usually incorporate a mechanism to release water from the tank and an automatic valve to allow the cistern to be refilled automatically. This system is suitable for locations plumbed with 12.7 or 9.5 mm ( 1 ⁄ 2 or 3 ⁄ 8 inch) water pipes which cannot supply water quickly enough to flush the toilet; the tank is needed ...
There are also dual-flush toilets that use a siphon valve operated by a lever rather than buttons, with a ≤ 6L full flush, and a ≤ 3L half-flush if the flush handle is held down [8] or released immediately after flushing. [9] Tipping bucket. The tipping bucket cistern can operate in a dual flush mode when the lever is rotated halfway 2.5/5 ...
A sewer pipe is normally at neutral air pressure compared to the surrounding atmosphere.When a column of waste water flows through a pipe, it compresses air ahead of it in the system, creating a positive pressure that must be released so it does not push back on the waste stream and downstream traps, slow drainage, and induce potential clogs.
The fill valve in a toilet water tank is a liquid level-actuated valve. When a high water level is reached, a mechanism shuts the valve which fills the tank. In some valve designs, the pressure of the flow fluid itself or pressure difference of the flow fluid between the ports automatically controls flow through the valve.
These are more specific types of valves, used only in particular fields or applications. Often they are subcategories of the classification by operating principle and by function: Aspin valve: a cone-shaped metal part fitted to the cylinder head of an engine; Ballcock: often used as a water level controller (cistern)
Piping and instrumentation diagram of pump with storage tank. Symbols according to EN ISO 10628 and EN 62424. A more complex example of a P&ID. A piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) is defined as follows: A diagram which shows the interconnection of process equipment and the instrumentation used to control the process.