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  2. Management of prostate cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_of_prostate_cancer

    If the cancer has spread beyond the prostate, treatment options change significantly, so most doctors who treat prostate cancer use a variety of nomograms to predict the probability of spread. Treatment by watchful waiting/active surveillance, HIFU, external-beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy, cryosurgery, and surgery are, in general ...

  3. Active surveillance of prostate cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_surveillance_of...

    Over treatment exacts a cost to the health care system and potential harm to a patient (decrease in quality of life), with no benefit. Over treatment is most likely to occur when a low grade prostate cancer is detected, especially in an older man. Data from various sources suggest that in the PSA range where many men are undergoing prostate ...

  4. Prostate cancer staging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate_cancer_staging

    Prostate cancer staging is the process by which physicians categorize the risk of cancer having spread beyond the prostate, or equivalently, the probability of being cured with local therapies such as surgery or radiation. Once patients are placed in prognostic categories, this information can contribute to the selection of an optimal approach ...

  5. Pre- and post-test probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-_and_post-test_probability

    Fagan nomogram [3] The relation can also be estimated by a so-called Fagan nomogram (shown at right) by making a straight line from the point of the given pre-test probability to the given likelihood ratio in their scales, which, in turn, estimates the post-test probability at the point where that straight line crosses its scale.

  6. High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-grade_prostatic...

    There are several reasons why PIN is the most likely prostate cancer precursor. [3] PIN is more common in men with prostate cancer. High grade PIN can be found in 85 to 100% of radical prostatectomy specimens, [4] nearby or even in connection with prostate cancer. It tends to occur in the peripheral zone of the prostate.

  7. Prostatectomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostatectomy

    For most prostate cancers classified as "very low risk" and "low risk", radical prostatectomy is one of several treatment options; others include radiation, watchful waiting, and active surveillance. For intermediate and high risk prostate cancers, radical prostatectomy is often recommended in addition to other treatment options.

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