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  2. Function (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_(computer...

    Most modern implementations of a function call use a call stack, a special case of the stack data structure, to implement function calls and returns. Each procedure call creates a new entry, called a stack frame , at the top of the stack; when the procedure returns, its stack frame is deleted from the stack, and its space may be used for other ...

  3. Call stack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call_stack

    At function return, the stack pointer is instead restored to the frame pointer, the value of the stack pointer just before the function was called. Each stack frame contains a stack pointer to the top of the frame immediately below. The stack pointer is a mutable register shared between all invocations. A frame pointer of a given invocation of ...

  4. Stack trace - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_trace

    In computing, a stack trace (also called stack backtrace [1] or stack traceback [2]) is a report of the active stack frames at a certain point in time during the execution of a program. When a program is run, memory is often dynamically allocated in two places: the stack and the heap. Memory is continuously allocated on a stack but not on a ...

  5. Stack (abstract data type) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stack_(abstract_data_type)

    Several algorithms use a stack (separate from the usual function call stack of most programming languages) as the principal data structure with which they organize their information. These include: Graham scan, an algorithm for the convex hull of a two-dimensional system of points. A convex hull of a subset of the input is maintained in a stack ...

  6. Function composition (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_composition...

    The first line describes the type of (.) - it takes a pair of functions, f, g and returns a function (the lambda expression on the second line). Note that Haskell doesn't require specification of the exact input and output types of f and g; the a, b, c, and x are placeholders; only the relation between f , g matters (f must accept what g returns).

  7. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    Python allows the creation of class methods and static methods via the use of the @classmethod and @staticmethod decorators. The first argument to a class method is the class object instead of the self-reference to the instance. A static method has no special first argument. Neither the instance, nor the class object is passed to a static method.

  8. Tail call - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tail_call

    It is possible to implement trampolines using higher-order functions in languages that support them, such as Groovy, Visual Basic .NET and C#. [20] Using a trampoline for all function calls is rather more expensive than the normal C function call, so at least one Scheme compiler, Chicken, uses a technique first described by Henry Baker from an ...

  9. Async/await - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Async/await

    A function using async/await can use as many await expressions as it wants, and each will be handled in the same way (though a promise will only be returned to the caller for the first await, while every other await will utilize internal callbacks). A function can also hold a promise object directly and do other processing first (including ...