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N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT or N,N-DMT) is a substituted tryptamine that occurs in many plants and animals, including humans, and which is both a derivative and a structural analog of tryptamine. [1] [2] [3] DMT is used as a psychedelic drug and prepared by various cultures for ritual purposes as an entheogen. [9]
Bark, roots, leaves and flowers: DMT, and 5-MeO-DMT Psychedelic: The Yanomami people use the powdered resin as an entheogen known as nyakwána which is inhaled or "snuffed" into the nasal cavity, it contains a high concentration of 5-MeO-DMT and DMT. [28] Peruvian torch cactus: Echinopsis peruviana: Stem: Mescaline: Psychedelic
The neologism entheogen was coined in 1979 by a group ... is an artifact of its ancient use in higher doses as an entheogen (possibly in conjunction with DMT ...
Nymphaea ampla, a white-flowered water lily, is another possible entheogen of significance for the Maya. Many scholars compare Nymphaea ampla to the blue lotus (Nymphaea caerulea) that was used extensively by ancient Egyptians. The water lily is widely represented in Maya art, especially in its depictions with jaguars and Maya kings.
Published reports of DMT in the leaf [7] derive from a misreading of a paper that found no DMT in leaves of this species. [8] Besides this, there are independent claims of DMT in leaves and bark based on human bioassay, [2] and traces of 5-MeO-DMT, DMT and NMT were tentatively identified by TLC in twigs. [9]
The Maya, Olmecs, and Aztecs have well-documented entheogenic complexes. [3] North American cultures also have a tradition of entheogens. In South America, especially in Peru, the archaeological study of cultures like Chavin, Cupisnique, Nazca [4] and Moche, [5] have demonstrated the use of entheogens through archaeobotanical, iconographic and paraphernalia.
There are many pieces of archaeological evidence in reference to the use of entheogens early in the history of Mesoamerica. Olmec burial sites with remains of the Bufo toad (Bufo marinus), Maya mushroom effigies, [dubious – discuss] and Spanish writings all point to a heavy involvement with psychoactive substances in the Aztec lifestyle.
5-MeO-DMT is lipophilic and is thought to easily cross the blood–brain barrier. [2] Accordingly, 5-MeO-DMT readily accumulates in the brain in animals with levels higher than in blood. [2] This is in notable contrast to bufotenin (5-HO-DMT or N,N-dimethylserotonin) and serotonin (5-HT), which are hydrophilic and peripherally selective. [2 ...