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  2. Sentence (law) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_(law)

    In criminal law, a sentence is the punishment for a crime ordered by a trial court after conviction in a criminal procedure, [1] normally at the conclusion of a trial. A sentence may consist of imprisonment , a fine , or other sanctions.

  3. Conviction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conviction

    In law, a conviction is the determination by a court of law that a defendant is guilty of a crime. [1] A conviction may follow a guilty plea that is accepted by the court, a jury trial in which a verdict of guilty is delivered, or a trial by judge in which the defendant is found guilty. The opposite of a conviction is an acquittal (that

  4. Criminal sentencing in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_sentencing_in_the...

    Life imprisonment increased by 83% between 1992 and 2003 due to the implementation of three strikes laws. Short-term sentencing, mandatory minimums, and guideline-based sentencing began to remove the human element from sentencing. They also required the judge to consider the severity of a crime in determining the length of an offender's sentence.

  5. Post conviction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_conviction

    In law, post conviction refers to the legal process which takes place after a trial results in conviction of the defendant. After conviction, a court will proceed with sentencing the guilty party. In the American criminal justice system, once a defendant has received a guilty verdict, they can then challenge a conviction or sentence.

  6. Classes of offenses under United States federal law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classes_of_offenses_under...

    Life imprisonment (or death in certain cases of murder, treason, espionage or mass trafficking of drugs) $250,000: 1-5 years: 5 years: 5 years: $100 B 25 years or more: $250,000: 5 years: 3 years: $100 C More than 10 years and less than 25 years: $250,000: 3 years: 2 years: $100 D More than 5 years and less than 10 years: $250,000: 3 years: 2 ...

  7. Criminal procedure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_procedure

    Criminal procedure is the adjudication process of the criminal law.While criminal procedure differs dramatically by jurisdiction, the process generally begins with a formal criminal charge with the person on trial either being free on bail or incarcerated, and results in the conviction or acquittal of the defendant.

  8. Cunningham v. California - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunningham_v._California

    The primary development in sentencing law that gave rise to this case was the shift away from indeterminate sentencing and toward determinate sentencing. Under an indeterminate sentencing scheme, statutory law provides for a wide range of authorized sentences, such as "five years to life" for burglary.

  9. Alford plea - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alford_plea

    In United States law, an Alford plea, also called a Kennedy plea in West Virginia, [1] an Alford guilty plea, [2] [3] [4] and the Alford doctrine, [5] [6] [7] is a guilty plea in criminal court, [8] [9] [10] whereby a defendant in a criminal case does not admit to the criminal act and asserts innocence, but accepts imposition of a sentence.