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In Japan, Heike Biwa, a form of narrative music, was invented and spread during the Kamakura period (1185–1333) by traveling musicians known as biwa hoshi, who were often blind. These musicians played the biwa , a kind of lute, and recited stories, of which the most famous was The Tale of the Heike .
Yatsuhashi Kengyō (八橋 検校; 1614–1685) was a Japanese musician and composer from Kyoto. The name kengyō is an honorary title given to highly skilled blind musicians. Yatsuhashi, who was born and died in Japan, was originally a player of the shamisen, but later learned the koto from a musician of the Japanese court. While the ...
Though blindness in Japanese society has historically been stigmatized "as the result of a Buddhist interpretation of the condition as a form of karmic punishment", other factors also led to the marginalization and discrimination of blind musicians. [33] In general, the blind were treated according to the restrictions of their societal rank. [34]
Nobuyuki Tsujii (辻井 伸行, Tsujii Nobuyuki) (also known as Nobu Tsujii) is a Japanese pianist and composer.He was born blind due to microphthalmia.Tsujii performs extensively, with a large number of conductors and orchestras, and has received critical acclaim for his unique techniques for learning music and performing with an orchestra while being unable to see.
Kimio Eto (衛藤公雄, Etō Kimio) (surname Etō, born 28 September 1924 in Ōita – died 24 December 2012 [1]) was a blind Japanese musician who played the koto. He began musical training at the age of eight with the renowned master Michio Miyagi. When he was eleven, he composed his first work.
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Goze organizations existed to allow blind women a degree of independence in pursuing their careers as musicians (or in some cases, massage). [2] The rules that governed Echigo goze were said to have been decreed by ancient emperors, but no copy of these rules earlier than the late seventeenth century have been found.
A blind man greets a formally dressed school inspector. The Tōdōza (当道座) was a Japanese guild for blind men, established in the 14th century by the biwa hōshi Akashi Kakuichi (明石覚一). Members performed a variety of roles, as itinerant musicians, masseurs, and acupuncturists.